In developing countries, weak institutional quality can increase the probability of applying discretionary policies and can have a great impact on their double-digit inflation. Surico (2008) calculated inflation bias, but he considered just monetary policy and he did not pay attention to the institutions. Therefore, we design a model which considers the discretion in monetary and fiscal policie...

afinite element model of a bias truck tire under static vertical load using a global/local technique is designed in two parts. in the first part a previously created model for radial tires is developed to take the constructional variables of bias tires into account. it is shown that the technique can successfully be used for bias tires. the main challenge here is the selection of the initial la...

probabilistic approach of traffic assignment has been primarily developed to provide a more realistic and flexible theoretical framework to represent traveler’s route choice behavior in a transportation network. the problem of path overlapping in network modelling has been one of the main issues to be tackled. due to its flexible covariance structure, probit model can adequately address the pro...

williams, watts, macleod and mathews' (1988) model of anxiety and depression leads to the prediction that anxious patients will show mood – congreuent implicit memory bias, while depressed patients will show mood-congruent explicit memory bias.although this prediction has been supported by some researchers (denny & hunt, 1992 mathews, moog, et al , 1989 watkins, et al, 1992), the reliabili...

We introduce and axiomatically characterize a model of status quo bias in which the status quo affects choices by both changing preferences and focusing attention. The resulting Limited Attention Status Quo Bias model can explain both the finding that status quo bias is more prevalent in larger choice sets and that the introduction of a status quo can change choices between non-status quo alter...