Simultaneous planar laser-induced fluorescence (PLIF) and particle image velocimetry (PIV) yield measurements of two-dimensional jet fluid concentration and velocity fields, both the mean and fluctuating terms, in turbulent crossflowing jets. The jet-to-crossflow velocity ratio is r = 5.7 and the jet exit Reynolds number is approximately 5000. The measurements concern the developing region of t...

We review the theoretical status of the lifetime ratios τB+/τBd , τBs/τBd , τΛb/τBd and τBc and of the mixing quantities ∆Ms, ∆Γs and φs. ∆Ms and ∆Γs suffer from large uncertainties due to the badly known decay constants, while the ratio ∆Γs/∆Ms can be determined with almost no non-perturbative uncertainties, therefore it can be used perfectly to find possible new physics contributions in the m...

Are numerals divorced from a sense of the actual quantities they represent? We show that accessing a sense of how much a numerical symbol actually represents is a surprisingly difficult and non-trivial process. Irrespective of numerical size or distance, direct comparison of the relative quantities represented by symbolic and non-symbolic quantities leads to performance markedly worse than when...

Are numerals estranged from a sense of the actual quantities they represent? We demonstrate that, irrespective of numerical size or distance, direct comparison of the relative quantities represented by symbolic and nonsymbolic formats leads to performance markedly worse than when comparing 2 nonsymbolic quantities (Experiment 1). Experiment 2 shows that this effect cannot be attributed to diffe...

The desirable features of algorithms for the direct, implicit large-eddy, and largeeddy numerical simulation of compressible turbulent mixing are discussed. Issues specific to turbulence and mixing induced by interfacial instabilities are briefly reviewed. A high-resolution, Eulerian numerical algorithm for compressible turbulent mixing simulations currently in use at the Lawrence Livermore Nat...

Under the assumption that the neutrinos are Majorana particles we study how the lepton mass matrices can be transformed into the simple form which has the same physical quantities by removing redundant parameters. We propose the exact parametrization of the lepton mass matrices which reflects the small νe − νμ mixing and the large νμ − ντ mixing. The relations between the twelve parameters and ...