mixed layer is a part of the atmospheric boundary layer in which pollutants are uniformly distributed. it is sensitive to the earth’s surface, controls the flow of heat and momentum between the surface and the free atmosphere, thus playing a key role in atmospheric circulation. most of atmospheric pollution models require the height of the mixed layer as an input to determine the depth of atmos...

The mixed layer depth (MLD) is a widely used parameter for physical, chemical, and biological oceanography. MLD delimits that region of the ocean, which directly influenced by atmosphere. There similar length scale referred to as mixing depth, determined from profiles dissipation rate turbulent kinetic energy, but less prevalent due requirement specialized instrumentation. Here, we suggest can ...

Under high light intensity, phytoplankton protect their photosystems from bleaching through nonphotochemical quenching processes. The consequence of this is suppression of fluorescence emission, which must be corrected when measuring in situ yield with fluorometers. We present data from the Southern Ocean, collected over five austral summers by 19 southern elephant seals tagged with fluorometer...

This study describes the turbulent processes in the upper ocean boundary layer forced by a constant surface stress in the absence of the Coriolis force using large-eddy simulation. The boundary layer that develops has a two-layer structure, a well-mixed layer above a stratified shear layer. The depth of the mixed layer is approximately constant, whereas the depth of the shear layer increases wi...