Abstract Going forward, international elites should instead strive for the application of one most liberal-minded principles this current world order: self-determination.

Background
 There is a recurring and seamless interaction between the biology of human development social-economic-political-emotional (SEPE) environment. The SEPE environment influences quality material conditions for and, simultaneously, growth in height other dimensions provide social moral signals that information to community networks.
 Objectives
 This article reviews role ...

Does power sharing between competing elites result in franchise extension to non-elites? In this paper, we argue that competing, risk-averse elites will enfranchise non-elites as insurance against future, uncertain imbalances in relative bargaining power. We show that negligibly small changes in the bargaining power of non-elites, conditional on enfranchisment, via coalition formation, constrai...

The premise of this paper is that, while classic models of capitalist development were predicated on the assumption of the rise of a class of native entrepreneurs, particularly industrialists, completely distinct from the state although obviously functioning in an at least partially enabling environment created by the state through omission or commission, in what we could term later industriali...

© 201 0002-9 Organizing collective action to secure support from local communities provides a source of power for elites to protect their interests, but community structures constrain the ability of elites to use this power. Elites’ power is not static or self-perpetuating but changing and dynamic. There are situations in which elites are forced into movementlike struggles to mobilize support f...

This article investigates the causes of party system hyperfragmentation in Brazil. We ask why — understood as extreme multipartism that continues to fractionalize occurs despite significant changes social cleavages or electoral rules. Using survey data from federal legislators, we rule out possibility new issue-based multidimensionality. estimates ideological position legislative parties, show ...

We construct a simple model where political elites may block technological and institutional development, because of a “political replacement effect.” Innovations often erode elites’ incumbency advantage, increasing the likelihood that they will be replaced. Fearing replacement, political elites are unwilling to initiate change and may even block economic development. We show that the relations...

The current century has witnessed several high-profile Western military interventions in developing countries: Afghanistan, Iraq, and Mali/West Africa are well-known examples. All three were initiated unilaterally by the US or France but soon supplemented with multilateral missions which operated parallel unilateral intervention force, giving them a “messy” appearance. In cases, foreign policy ...

This paper is a case study of Brazilian industrialists' attitudes towards changes in labor relations during the transition to democracy. It is based on extensive interviews with 155 industrial elites in Brazil during 19871988. It explores why business elites can and will tolerate democracy, even when it does not always act in their specific interests. It focuses on four key variables in the tra...