If the balanced and sustainable urban development is the overall objective of the European Union in spacial planning, each member of the Union as well as those who are willing to join the Union must commit and conduct spacial strategies accordingly. However, such economic and probably social rationales are often ignored in the mist of politics and military. From geopolitics to national strategy...

Among the many Assyrian written sources and inscriptions some texts report the military expeditions of the kings of Assyria. These accounts, the so-called Itineraries texts, describe in details the different stops of the armies through territories outside the Assyrian heartland. With regard to the Zagros area, the reports mention different long and ruthless campaigns undertaken by some Assyrian...

Historic expeditions are events that are flavored by exploratory, scientific, military or geographic characteristics. Such events are often documented in literature, journey notes or personal diaries. A typical historic expedition involves multiple site visits and their descriptions contain spatiotemporal and attributive contexts. Expeditions involve movements in space that can be represented b...

Colonel Antônio Moreira César, the Commander of the third Expedition against Canudos (1896-1897), nicknamed "head-chopper", was considered an implacable military man, a synonym of ferocity and extreme brutality against his adversaries. Therefore, he was nominated the Commander of an expedition considered almost invincible. Since his 30's he presented epileptic seizures, which increased in frequ...

The author examines Russia’s planning of warfare in Central Asia 1878 while preparing for a possible war with the coalition Great Britain, Austria-Hungary and Turkey. development plan was caused by inability Russian army weakened Russo-Turkish War 1877-1878 to conduct active military operations Europe. Instead, it aimed influence Britain creating threat its richest colony - India. In historical...

Abstract In 1863, Emperor Tewodros II of Abyssinia (present-day Ethiopia and Eritrea) took a British consul hostage; five years later, the sent punitive expedition. This military expedition continued brutal tradition earlier ones shaped later campaigns in Sudan West Africa 1890s. Typically, large contingent non-military personnel accompanied these expeditions 1868 to Maqdala was no different. W...

Thomas Wakely provided the only description in English about AntoineBarthelemy Clot, better known as Clot-Bey, in a Medical Portrait in Lancet in 1833 (1). In his introduction he stated: "If then we are to appreciate the character of ClotBey, either by the vastness, the value, or the peculiarity of his labours, we must at once place him in the first rank of the most eminent practioners of medic...

Last autumn, as you will remember, men invalided with dysentery from the Peninsula of Gallipoli came in large numbers into English military hospitals. As they grew better they had much to tell of Mudros and of the fighting on the northern shores of the Dardanelles. Their stories called up memories of another and more successful expedition which gathered in the great Bay of Lemnos three thousand...

Undertaking medical research during military adventurous training expeditions presents a unique set of challenges to medical personnel, and for those considering doing so in the future the task may seem daunting. This article details some of the challenges faced whilst undertaking high altitude research on a recent Defence Medical Services (DMS) adventurous training expedition to the Dhaulagiri...