A new solid phase liquid crystal microlens array has been applied to Polarisation Activated Microlens flat panel displays that can be electrically reconfigured between a full performance 2D mode and a low cross talk autostereoscopic 3D mode. The solid phase microlens array enables significant reductions in device thickness and improved ruggedness compared to nematic phase liquid crystalline mic...

their professional advices and guidance on my research. experience with all kinds of fun. Finally, the author's grateful appreciation goes to his parents whose hardworking spirit and dedication to family have always been a great example for the author. Figure 2-1 Schematic diagram of tilted UV lithography in water medium (left: the experimental setup; right: optical refraction path). Figure 2-5...

We demonstrate a flexible, electrowetting-driven, variable-focus liquid microlens. The microlens is fabricated using a soft polymer polydimethylsiloxane. The lens can be smoothly wrapped onto a curved surface. A low-temperature fabrication process was developed to reduce the stress on and to avoid any damage to the polymer. The focal length of the microlens varies between -15.0 mm to +28.0 mm, ...

Conventional liquid microlens arrays are facing bottlenecks in controlling droplet size and shape, and limited aperture ratio. We report a new liquid/solvent approach to overcome these obstacles for making uniform droplet array and achieving approximately 90% aperture ratio. The droplets are very stable due to the pinning effect of the polymer walls and substrate surfaces. Using the fabricated ...

A microlens array made of polymer/nanosized polymer-dispersed liquid crystal (nano-PDLC) is demonstrated. The polymer was first patterned into microlens array cavities on a planar substrate and the molded polymer cavities were filled with nano-PDLC material. The nano-PDLC-based microlens is optically transparent. The focal length of the microlens is electrically tunable and the response time is...

We report on liquid-based tunable-focus microlens arrays made of a flexible polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) polymer. Each microlens in the array is formed through an immiscible liquid–liquid interfacial meniscus. Here deionized water and silicone oil were used. The liquids were constrained in the PDMS structures fabricated through liquid-phase photopolymerization for molding and soft lithography. T...

In this paper, the irradiance-modifying concept is proposed by introducing a microlens array on the p-GaN layer of GaN-based light-emitting diode (LED). Every microlens can locally modulate photons emitting from a micro-scaled active region of multiple quantum wells (MQWs) just beneath the microlens. The azimuthally isotropic irradiance from the GaN-based LED with microlens arrays is demonstrat...

We report the fabrication of single-component, strain responsive microlens arrays with real-time tunability. The concave lens array is fabricated by patterning hard oxide layer on a bidirectionally prestretched soft elastomer, polydimethylsiloxane PDMS followed by confined buckling upon release of the prestrain. The convex microlens array is replica molded from the concave lenses in PDMS. Due t...

An approach to increase the coupling efficiency of organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs) is studied. Refractive microlens arrays are formed on the high refractive index glass substrate by etching the glass using reflowed photoresist as mask. Over 65% more light is extracted from the OLED on the microlens array substrate as compared with the conventional device, without affecting the electrical ...

This paper presents a simple and effective method to fabricate a polydimethyl-siloxane (PDMS) microlens array with a high fill factor, which utilizes the UV proximity printing and photoresist replication methods. The concave microlens array mold was made using a printing gap in lithography process, which utilizes optical diffraction of UV light to deflect away from the aperture edges and produc...