background : breast cancer is a complicated disease and has various clinical manifestations and prognosis. the aim of this study is to make a breast cancer model suitable for basic, preclinical and clinical studies. materials and methods: five virgin bulb/c mice aged 6 weeks and spontaneous murine mammary adenocarcinoma cells (mmac) were used. after anesthesia induction, 1-3 million of mmacs we...

enhanced immune cell trafficking into the central nervous system (cns) and disruption of the blood brain barrier are pathophysiological hallmarks of neuroinflammatory disorders like multiple sclerosis (ms) and its animal model, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (eae). however, recent studies suggest that the coagulation and the contact-kinin system might also be involved in ms developme...

purpose: the purpose of this study is to model cryptosporidiosis in laboratory animals. the parasites were inoculated into animalsand thenmultiplied. the process of proliferation was compared to controlcryptosporidiosis in humans. materials and methods: twenty-five laboratory mice (4-7 days of age) and twenty-five laboratory rats (5 days of age) were assigned to the category i while the categor...

b ackground: animal models with various combination of host-parasite have long been employed to study malaria pathogenesis. here, we describe the combination of plasmodium berghei anka infec- tion in inbred icr mice as a model of cerebral malaria (cm). m ethods: infection in mice was initiated by intraperitoneal injection of 2 x 107  (0.2ml) parasitized red blood cells (prbcs). r esults: this m...

background: androgen receptors (ar) play an important role in proliferation of cancerous prostatic cells and prevention of apoptotic signaling. current drugs cannot inhibit the activity of these receptors very well. establishment of appropriate animal models is essential for discovery of new drugs of target therapy in hormone dependent prostate cancer. materials and methods: standard prostatic ...

background: diagnostic models are frequently used to assess the role of risk factors on disease complications, and therefore to avoid them. missing data is an issue that challenges the model making. the aim of this study was to develop a diagnostic model to predict death in hiv/ aids patients when missing data exist. methods: hiv patients (n=1460) referred to voluntary consoling and testing cen...

aim : to induce acute colitis progresses to chronicity in c57bl/6 mice by dextran sulfate sodium.   background : murine models are essential tools to understand ibd pathogenesis. among different types of chemically induced colitis models, the dextran sulfate sodium (dss)-induced colitis model is the most common model of ibd, due to its simplicity. patients and methods : male c57bl/6 mice 6–8 we...

d-galactose induces pancreatic disorder along with aging mouse model. vitex agnus-castus (vac) has potential pancreatic protective effect. hence, this study was designed to evaluate the hypoglycemic and pancreas protective effects of vac hydroalcoholic extract in d-galactose-induced aging female mice. in the present experimental study, 72 adult female naval medical research institute (nmri) mic...