Fig. 2 Microstructure of as-cast Au22%Al showing the “purple plague,” AuAl2 intermetallic (reddish), surrounded by the Al-AuAl2 eutectic after polishing to a 1 lm finish. Magnification bar is 50 lm long. Fig. 1 Microstructure of a porous high-carbon steel powder metallurgy specimen infiltrated with copper showing the natural color of the copper, which is easier to see when the steel has been ti...

This lecture aims at providing a survey of the metallographic techniques available for the examination of aluminium and its alloys. The information must be sufficient to be sure that the students and the users are able to choose the most suitable technique to solve their problems in the examination of samples. The lecture should contain a direct understanding of the main problems in the metallo...

color metallography is a useful method for characterizing microstructures of steels with multiple phases. in this paper, application of three different color etching techniques for a bainitic-martensitic steel is reported. comparisons between the results showed that 10% na2s2o5 aqueous solution was the best etchant for distinguishing martensite, bainite and ferrite phases. the obtained microgra...

The effect of plastic deformation on the grain boundary surface area per unit volume and edge length per unit volume is examined using two methods. The first by applying homogeneous deformations to tetrakaidecahedra in a variety of orientations and the second by using the principles of stereology. It is shown that the methods produce essentially identical results. It is now possible to calculat...