نتایج جستجو برای: menthol

تعداد نتایج: 2179  

Journal: :فصلنامه علمی پژوهشی گیاهان دارویی 0
m aali-kordkolaei school of chemical engineering, college of engineering, university of tehran, tehran, iran r zarghami school of chemical engineering, college of engineering, university of tehran, tehran, iranسازمان اصلی تایید شده: دانشگاه تهران (tehran university) s mirzakhanlouei medicinal plants research center, institute of medicinal plants, acecr, karaj, iranسازمان اصلی تایید شده: دانشگاه تهران (tehran university) sh rezazadeh medicinal plants research center, institute of medicinal plants, acecr, karaj, iranسازمان اصلی تایید شده: پژوهشکده‮ ‬گیاهان‮ ‬دارویی‮ ‬جهاد‮ ‬دانشگاهی (institute of medicinal plants) r hajiaghaee medicinal plants research center, institute of medicinal plants, acecr, karaj, iranسازمان اصلی تایید شده: پژوهشکده‮ ‬گیاهان‮ ‬دارویی‮ ‬جهاد‮ ‬دانشگاهی (institute of medicinal plants) r ghaffarzadegan medicinal plants research center, institute of medicinal plants, acecr, p.o.box: 31375/1369, karaj, iran tel: +98-26-34764010-18, fax: +98-26-34764021سازمان اصلی تایید شده: پژوهشکده‮ ‬گیاهان‮ ‬دارویی‮ ‬جهاد‮ ‬دانشگاهی (institute of medicinal plants)

background: l-menthol [(1r,3r,4s)-(-)-menthol] is a flavoring that is the main component of mint herb essential oils, especially of the mentha piperita and mentha arvensis species. its low solubility in aqueous systems makes precise formulation necessary in the final products. of the methods available for fabrication of nanoparticles for use in pharmaceuticals, electrospraying is easy and requi...

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Journal: :Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco 2004
Karen Ahijevych Bridgette E Garrett

Menthol is the only tobacco additive promoted and advertised by the tobacco industry. Although a considerable body of research has examined the effects of menthol when it is administered alone and unburned, the effects of menthol when burned in cigarette smoke are more complex because it is administered in a matrix of more than 4,000 substances. Therefore, it is difficult to isolate potential p...

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Journal: :Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology 2010
Neal L Benowitz Katherine M Dains Delia Dempsey Christopher Havel Margaret Wilson Peyton Jacob

OBJECTIVES Menthol cigarettes are smoked by 27% of U.S. smokers, and there are concerns that menthol might enhance toxicity of cigarette smoking by increasing systemic absorption of smoke toxins. We measured urine menthol concentrations in relation to biomarkers of exposure to nicotine and tobacco carcinogens. METHODS Concentrations of menthol glucuronide (using a novel analytical method), ni...

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Journal: :Preventive medicine reports 2015
Alyssa Marie M Antonio Pebbles Fagan Faith D Hamamura Ian Joseph N Lagua Jenny Liu Devin J Park Pallav Pokhrel Thaddeus A Herzog Ian Pagano Kevin Cassel Angela Sy Dorothy Jorgensen Tania Lynch Crissy Kawamoto Carol J Boushey Adrian Franke Mark S Clanton Eric T Moolchan Linda A Alexander

This study investigates 1) the relationship between menthol cigarette smoking and obesity and 2) the association of body mass index with the nicotine metabolite ratio among menthol and non-menthol daily smokers aged 18-35 (n = 175). A brief survey on smoking and measures of height and weight, carbon monoxide, and saliva samples were collected from participants from May to December 2013 in Honol...

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2011
Youn Ok Lee Stanton A Glantz

OBJECTIVE To integrate information on cigarette companies' understanding and use of menthol as summarised in published research based on previously internal tobacco industry documents with results from large population-based surveys of tobacco use and other independent sources. DATA SOURCES Papers published in this supplement of Tobacco Control, together with papers identified using PubMed se...

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2018
Zehra Irem Yildiz Asli Celebioglu Mehmet Emin Kilic Engin Durgun Tamer Uyar

Cyclodextrins are capable of forming non-covalent host-guest inclusion complexation with variety of molecules in order to enhance water-solubility and thermal stability of such hydrophobic and volatile molecules. Menthol, an efficient antibacterial and flavour/fragrance agent, is used in various applications like food, pharmacy, cosmetics, however, its low water-solubility and high volatility s...

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Journal: :The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics 2012
Rong Pan Yuzhen Tian Ruby Gao Haitao Li Xianguo Zhao James E Barrett Huijuan Hu

Menthol is one of the most commonly used chemicals in our daily life, not only because of its fresh flavor and cooling feeling but also because of its medical benefit. Previous studies have suggested that menthol produces analgesic action in acute and neuropathic pain through peripheral mechanisms. However, the central actions and mechanisms of menthol remain unclear. Here, we report that menth...

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2011
Joshua Rising Lori Alexander

In order to more fully understand why individuals smoke menthol cigarettes, it is important to understand the perceptions held by youth and adults regarding menthol cigarettes. Perceptions are driven by many factors, and one factor that can be important is marketing. This review seeks to examine what role, if any, the marketing of menthol cigarettes plays in the formation of consumer perception...

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Journal: :Addiction 2010
Catherine Cubbin Mah-Jabeen Soobader Felicia B LeClere

AIMS To determine whether menthol is related to initiation, quantity or quitting, we examined differences in smoking behaviors among menthol and non-menthol smokers, stratified by gender and race/ethnicity, and adjusting for age, income and educational attainment. DESIGN Cross-sectional, using data from the 2005 National Health Interview Survey and Cancer Control Supplement. SETTING United ...

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Journal: :Tobacco control 2015
Gary A Giovino Andrea C Villanti Paul D Mowery Varadan Sevilimedu Raymond S Niaura Donna M Vallone David B Abrams

INTRODUCTION Mentholated cigarettes are at least as dangerous to an individual's health as non-mentholated varieties. The addition of menthol to cigarettes reduces perceived harshness of smoke, which can facilitate initiation. Here, we examine correlates of menthol use, national trends in smoking menthol and non-menthol cigarettes, and brand preferences over time. METHODS We estimated menthol...

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