objectives: down syndrome (ds) is the most common multiple congenital anomaly syndrome associated with a developmental disability. children with down syndrome have delay in both motor and mental age. this study carried out to explore relationship between mental and motor age of children with ds. methods: a cross-sectional study was conducted on 60 participants with ds (5 to 7 years old) using r...

conclusions these findings support that the careful evaluation and prospective following of the psychopathology of children of parents with bipolar disorder are critical for early identification and treatment. results there were statistically significant differences between children of parents with and those without bipolar disorder regarding attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, opposition...

introduction hypothyroidism is the most common endocrine disorder in children and presented with various sign and symptoms; its diagnosis needs a high index of suspicion. case presentation we report 3 cases with unusual presentations of hypothyroidism and with delay in diagnosis that referred to pediatric endocrine outpatient clinic in mashhad university of medical sciences, mashhad, iran with ...

Zigler's hypothesis that mental age (MA) and not IQ determines the rate of learning is examined in the light of empirical evidence comparing the learning rates of normal and retarded children and young adults matched for MA. The results show that learning rate is a function of IQ as well as of MA. In general, children of average IQ learned serial and paired-associate lists significantly faster ...

In research at the interface of personality and intellectual development, an important issue concerns the distinction between cognitive ability and cognitive style. Achenbach and Weisz (1975). recently demonstrated that the distinction is rather difficult to draw with respect to the cognitive style dimension of impulsivity-reflectivity. Another widely studied cognitive style construct that dese...

Three studies explored whether younger and older adults' free recall performance can benefit from prior exposure to distraction that becomes relevant in a memory task. Participants initially read stories that included distracting text. Later, they studied a list of words for free recall, with half of the list consisting of previously distracting words. When the memory task was indirect in its u...