The federally endangered North American Karner blue butterfly (Lycaeides melissa samuelis) and the closely related Melissa blue butterfly (L. m. melissa) can be distinguished based on life history and morphology. Western populations of L. m. samuelis share mitochondrial haplotypes with L. m. melissa populations, while eastern populations of L. m. samuelis have divergent haplotypes. Here we test...

The Karner blue butterfly (KBB), Lycaeides melissa samuelis, is a federally protected taxon whose relationship to the Melissa blue, Lycaeides melissa, has been a point of contention during the 66 years since the KBB was first described. Using a large population-genomic dataset and a model of population divergence with migration, we investigated the relationship between the KBB and L. melissa, a...

Studies of hybridization have increased our understanding of the nature of species boundaries, the process of speciation, and the effects of hybridization on the evolution of populations and species. In the present study we use genetic and morphological data to determine the outcome and consequences of secondary contact and hybridization between the butterfly species Lycaeides idas and L. melis...

primary dysmenorrhea refers to painful cramps during menstruation with no organic reason. with respect to its high incidence and adverse outcomes in quality of life and some evidences regarding the sedative and antispasmodic effects of melissa officinails on smooth muscles as an herb, this double-blind clinical trial was conducted to determine the effects of its capsules on severity of dysmenor...

Wednesday, March 14 Research Poster Session I 11:30 a.m. – 1::00 p.m. (#43) Holly B. Fontenot, Melanie L. Kornides, Annie-Laurie McRee, Melissa B. Gilkey. Importance of a team recommendation approach on HPV vaccine uptake. (#167) Melanie L. Kornides, Holly B. Fontenot, Annie-Laurie McRee, Catherine A. Panozzo, Melissa B. Gilkey. Provider communication about HPV vaccination: Parents' satisfactio...

in recent decades, enormous use of chromium in different industries as well as water and soil pollution by those industries caused serious concern. toxic impact of chromium on the growth of plants includes changes in the process of germination and root, stem and leaves’ growth. chromium also has harmful impact on the plants’ physiological processes such as photosynthesis. on the other hand, iro...

Lycaeides idas (Linnaeus) and L. melissa (W. H. Edwards) (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae) are broadly sympatric in several regions of North America (Fig. 1) and are morphologically distinguishable by qualitative wing pattern differences (Tilden & Smith, 1986), quantitative differences in male genital morphology (Nabokov, 1949; Lane & Weller, 1994) and by ecological differences in habitat speci®city an...