melamine is a potentially hazardous compound and one of the major concerns especially in dairy products and pet foods. in the present study a sensitive, simple and reliable method for extraction and determination of melamine in infant milk and coffee mate has been developed. this method consists of an initial extraction in buffer media prepared by formic acid and sodium formate, followed by pro...

Melamine can be lethal at high concentrations and has been used illegally to increase apparent protein content in food products including infant formula and milk powder. Milk tainted with melamine has caused death and illness in infants. Two years ago, the Codex Commission adopted a maximum melamine level of 1 mg/kg for powdered infant formula and of 2.5 mg/kg for other foods and animal feed. T...

* The views presented in this article do not necessarily reflect those of the United States Food and Drug Administration. 1 This chemistry background paper briefly summarizes key information on melamine related to past contamination incidents, uses, chemical structures and physicochemical properties (including the related triazines: cyanuric acid, ammeline and ammelide), manufacturing processes...

Melamine is an adulterant commonly found in milk, as it can increase the nitrogen content. Therefore, its apparent protein content, resulting in a better market price. Melamine adulteration can be fatal, as was highlighted in 2008 when six infants died due to melamine adulteration in milk powder and thousands were sickened in China. Consequently, there have been stricter regulations globally an...

On 10 September 2008, ProMED issued a request for information concerning 14 cases of kidney stones in infants hospitalised in Gansu province, China, in the previous two months [1]. On 21 September, Chinese authorities reported 39,965 cases of kidney stones in infants, including three deaths related to the consumption of melamine-contaminated powdered infant formula. On that day, 12,892 of them ...

Milk is an important source of all basic nutrients required for mammals including human beings. The study was conducted to evaluate physiochemical quality of milk samples in selected dairy plant of Iran. Various physiochemical properties of milk were analyzed by Lactostar analyzer and compared to the related standards. Also another major concern of this study was to consider the presence of mel...

A simple, precise, accurate, and validated reverse-phase HPLC method was developed for the determination of melamine in milk (pasteurized and UHT milk) and dairy products (powdered infant formula, fruit yogurt, soft cheese, and milk powder). Following extraction with acetonitrile:water (50:50, vol/vol), samples were purified by filter (0.45 μm), separated on a Nucleosil C8 column (4.6 mm × 250 ...

One of the key concerns of the people and the government of China is food safety. After the use of melamine as an additive was reported in 2008, melamine detection was required in milk. The current methods to detect and confirm melamine are mainly HPLC and HPLC-MS/MS, but the pre-treatment processes include some tedious steps making them time-consuming and environmentally unfriendly. In contras...

The influence of coffee consumption on hematological and trace element status was studied in two groups of pregnant, low-income Costa Rican women: coffee drinkers (greater than or equal to 450 mL/d, n = 22) and coffee nondrinkers (0 mL/d, n = 26). Groups had similar income, education, prenatal care, age, parity, weight, height, pregnancy weight gain, prenatal iron supplementation, energy, prote...

The recent melamine crisis in China has pointed out a serious deficiency in current food control systems, namely, they specifically focus on selected known compounds. This targeted approach allowed the presence of melamine in milk products to be overlooked for a considerable time. To avoid such crises in the future, we propose that nontargeted screening methods need to be developed and applied....