Extensive studies show that mega project has close connections with globalization and civilization, but little articles make social logical analyses of mega project. Traditional conflict management lays stress on projects leading to conflicts while neglecting the fact that conflict can also result in mega project in a social context. This paper studies the relationship between mega project and ...

Recently, as urbanization and industrialization progresses, we have witnessed an increasing number of very large scale development projects (termed mega projects in this paper) all around the world, especially in developing and emerging countries such as Brazil, Russia, India, and China (BRICs). At the same time, issues with mega project decision-making are drawing special attention from invest...

Abstract Many countries are proposing major public infrastructure investment, addressing the net zero imperative and need to recover from pandemic. Yet investments will deliver on these policy goals only if appraisals take account of strategic complementarities in determining future path economy, including technological choices. Cost–benefit analysis as currently applied is unable do this, even...

In the last few years an increasing number of very large, publicly funded, IT development projects have gained significant media attention due to cases of budget overrun, management problems or outright failure. Examples of such projects include the European Galileo, the German Toll Collect project, or the Australian Custom’s Integrated Cargo System (ICS). Further projects in an earlier lifecyc...

Reverse osmosis (RO) membranes have been widely applied in seawater desalination (SWRO) and wastewater reclamation as the main desalination technology since 2000. SWRO plants face challenges to reduce energy consumption and brine disposal to lessen marine pollution. To tackle these challenges, a SWRO-PRO (Pressure Retarded Osmosis) System was proposed in the “Mega-ton Water System” project unde...

Large corpora with part-of-speech tagging play a very important role in recent statisticsbased and example-based natural language processing systems. However, no such corpora have become widely available for Japanese so far. Because the Japanese language has no explicit word boundaries, it is impossible even to count words without a corpus that has at. least word segmentations. This paper descr...

The Texas Gulf coast is a complex system with numerous narrow inlets and broad back bays intricate river bayou networks. Due to its settings, the susceptible extreme compound flooding due fluvial, pluvial, surge during hurricanes tropical storms. Five of top six largest cyclone rainfall totals in continental U.S. have occurred (USACE 2021a). also one United States most dynamic regions terms pop...