We propose a novel energy-optimal methodology to synchronize the cells within an excitable medium during spiral wave activity. The optimal stimulus takes the cells of an excitable medium to a target set where the isostables of the system, which measure the time it takes for a given initial condition in phase space to approach a stable fixed point, are diffuse, thereby synchronizing the activity...

The goal of this paper is to provide and apply tools for analyzing a specific aspect of transient dynamics not covered by previous theory. The question we address is whether one component of a perturbed solution to a system of differential equations can overtake the corresponding component of a reference solution as both converge to a stable node at the origin, given that the perturbed solution...

Washed cells of Mycoplasma pneumoniae mixed with complete Freund's adjuvant were capable of producing lethal anaphylactic shock in mice when injected repeatedly into the foot pad. The causative agent is associated with horse serum contained in the culture medium but cannot be removed from mycoplasmal cells by repeated washing with phosphate buffered saline. Mycoplasmas grown in medium containin...