Sphingomonas herbicidovorans MH (previously designated Flavobacterium sp. strain MH) was able to utilize the chiral herbicide (RS)-2-(4-chloro-2-methylphenoxy)propionic acid (mecoprop) as the sole carbon and energy source. When strain MH was offered racemic mecoprop as the growth substrate, it could degrade both the (R) and the (S) enantiomer to completion, as shown by biomass formation, substr...

Sphingomonas herbicidovorans MH was able to completely degrade both enantiomers of the chiral herbicide dichlorprop [(RS)-2-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)propanoic acid], with preferential degradation of the (S) enantiomer over the (R) enantiomer. These results are in agreement with the recently reported enantioselective degradation of mecoprop [(RS)-2-(4-chloro-2-methylphenoxy)propanoic acid] by this b...

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Disposal ofthe phenoxyacid herbicide mecoprop into landfills in the Lincolnshire Limestone (UK) has polluted an abstraction well 2.5 km away. Differences in the biological behaviour of the two mirror image structures of mecoprop (or enantiomers), means that changes in the enantiomeric ratio (ER) can help identify the extent of biodégradation downgradient of the landfill. Deposited as a racemic ...

(R)- and (S)-dichlorprop/alpha-ketoglutarate dioxygenases (RdpA and SdpA) catalyze the oxidative cleavage of 2-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)propanoic acid (dichlorprop) and 2-(4-chloro-2-methyl-phenoxy)propanoic acid (mecoprop) to form pyruvate plus the corresponding phenol concurrent with the conversion of alpha-ketoglutarate (alphaKG) to succinate plus CO2. RdpA and SdpA are strictly enantiospecific,...

Studies have shown that pesticides are sometimes detected at rather high levels in seawater and it has been suggested that these chemical compounds could act as additional stress factor for oysters cultured in coastal environments. The effects of pesticides on marine molluscs could be particularly harmful in the early stages which correspond to critical life stages. This study aimed to assess t...

The presence of pharmaceutical compounds and their metabolites in aquatic systems has become a concern in the past few years due, in part, to their ubiquity in the environment. However, at present, the persistence and ecotoxicity of many of these compounds remains unknown. Clofibric acid is the active metabolite of clofibrate, a lipid regulator. It is detected in most aquatic systems where phar...

This paper describes the Brimstone Farm dataset used for the comparison of pesticide leaching model performance. The tasks set to the modellers are then described. The soil of the site is heavy clay, in which cracks have a major effect on the hydrology. Data are presented for the leaching of isoproturon and mecoprop from two contrasting plots. Contrasting soil moisture states, resulting from di...

The work describes a study of the oxidation power of N-doped and undoped anatase TiO(2), as well as TiO(2) Degussa P25 suspensions for photocatalytic degradation of the herbicides RS-2-(4-chloro-o-tolyloxy)propionic acid (mecoprop) and 3,6-dichloro-pyridine-2-carboxylic acid (clopyralid) using visible and UV light. Undoped nanostructured TiO(2) powder in the form of anatase was prepared by a so...

Understanding the effects of climate change on weed growth and herbicide activity is important for optimizing applications effective control in future. Therefore, this study examined how affects Amaranthus patulus efficacy soil foliar herbicides at different temperatures. Although values A. differed between temperature, increased with increasing time after treatments. Under conditions which tem...