the most difficult clinical considertions in orthograde root canal treatment are generally related to the anatomy of the teeth. three-canalled maxillary and mandibular premolars (mini-molars) have been reported in several studies. the purpose of this paper was to review various aspects of three-canalled premolars including incidence, clinical and radiographic diagnosis, racial predisposition, a...

OBJECTIVE To investigate the anatomic symmetry of maxillary and mandibular posteriors in Indian subpopulation using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). MATERIALS AND METHODS CBCT images of 246 patients that had at least one noncarious, posterior tooth free of restorations in each quadrant were enrolled for retrospective analysis. A total of 3015 teeth (811 maxillary premolars, 845 mandibula...

Mandibular second premolars and maxillary central incisors usually have one root, one canal, and one apical foramen. However, some studies have revealed anatomic variations in these teeth. The aim of the present study was to investigate such variations in canal configuration, foramina, lateral and accessory canals and apical deltas in the root apex of human maxillary central incisors and mandib...

INTRODUCTION The proximity of the roots of the posterior maxillary teeth to the maxillary sinus is a constant challenge to the dental practitioner. Because the majority of studies have assessed the relationship regarding molars, the present study focused on premolars. METHODS Cone-beam computed tomographic images of 192 patients were reconstructed in sagittal, coronal, and axial planes to qua...

We report the diagnosis and successful clinical management of three patients with anatomical variation in the maxillary first premolars. Maxillary first premolars have highly variable root canal morphology, but the presence of three canals is rare. This article describes the diagnosis and clinical management of first maxillary premolars with three canals and three separate roots, with special r...

Maxillary premolars exhibit variable root canal morphology, but it is quite rare to find three canals in their root system. The aim of this case report is to present the diagnosis and clinical management of a patient with anatomical variation of having three root canals in the maxillary first premolar. Three-canalled maxillary premolars are quite an endodontic challenge. A discussion is provide...

Background: Prediction the width of unerupted permanent canines and premolars is far important in assessing the space available to them in an attempt to prevent the future malocclusion. The present study utilized the combined mesio-distal crowns widths of maxillary and mandibular central incisors and first molars to predict the combined mesio-distal crowns widths of maxillary and mandibular can...

statement of the problem using cbct to determine root morphology minimizes rate of treatment failure and adverse effects, such as gouging and perforations. purpose the aim of this study was to assess morphology of root canals using cbct scans. materials and methods in this cross-sectional study, conducted in the radiology department of hamadan dental school in 2011‒2012, 66 cbct scans were stud...

Hopeless retained deciduous teeth without permanent successors pose a restorative challenge for clinicians as well as certain clinical problems for patients. Compromised aesthetics, shifting of adjacent teeth, altered occlusion, and supereruption of teeth are examples of problems that can arise when a permanent tooth is congenitally missing. Mattheeuws, et al1 reported that the mandibular secon...

In this study, endodontic treatments of maxillary second premolars with unusual anatomical configuration were presented. Maxillary second premolars usually have one root with one or two root canals. The occurrence of variations in anatomical configuration is also common; therefore, it must be taken into account in clinical and radiographic evaluation during the endodontic treatment. These teeth...