in recent years, mathematics is an essential aspect of all areas of daily life and the best predictor of being successful in economic situations of society. for many students, the mathematics accompanied with frustration, anxiety and negative attitudes towards mathematics. these students believe their anxiety have been derived from their math teachers, math misconception and weakness in math as...

In recent years, mathematics is an essential aspect of all areas of daily life and the best predictor of being successful in economic situations of society. For many students, the mathematics accompanied with frustration, anxiety and negative attitudes towards mathematics. These students believe their anxiety have been derived from their math teachers, math misconception and weakness in math as...

Anxiety about mathematics — highly prevalent across the globe — is associated with poor math performance. Why is math anxiety related to poor math performance and how can we reduce this link? Current behavioral and psychophysiological research reveals that the math anxietymath performance link is related to both individual (cognitive, affective/physiological, motivational) and environmental (so...

OBJECTIVE Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD), resulting from maternal alcohol use during pregnancy, are associated with significant academic and behavior problems. Although affected children are common in clinical practice, information to guide recommendations about interventions with this high risk group is very limited. This study evaluated the persistence of effects of an intervention o...

Girls tend to have more negative math attitudes, including gender stereotypes, anxieties, and self-concepts, than boys. These attitudes play a critical role in math performance, math course-taking, and the pursuit of mathrelated career paths. We review existing research, primarily from U.S. samples, showing that parents’ and teachers’ expectancies for children’s math competence are often gender...

The approximate number system (ANS) is frequently considered to be a foundation for the acquisition of uniquely human symbolic numerical capabilities. However, the mechanism by which the ANS influences symbolic number representations and mathematical thought remains poorly understood. Here, we tested the relation between ANS acuity, cardinal number knowledge, approximate arithmetic, and symboli...

This article integrates research in intelligent tutors with studies of basic student competencies, e.g., problem solving strategies and math fluency (the speed needed to retrieve or calculate answers). It describes the impact of computer software designed to improve either strategic behavior or math fluency. Both competencies are key to improved performance and both help decrease the load on wo...

a r t i c l e i n f o Focused breathing Executive control We examined the potential effectiveness of four brief interventions, three behavioral and one nutritional, for helping high math-anxious college students regulate negative emotions immediately prior to a time-pressured arithmetic test. Participants with low versus high math anxiety performed a timed arithmetic task after practicing one o...

In this paper we discuss how social conversation with an agent in an educational math game can be used in order to gain pedagogical benefits, for example to increase positive attitudes towards learning math and math selfefficacy. We present the iterative development of the conversational module, architectural considerations, and the type of dialogue phenomenon that support the pedagogical inter...