The majority of skill-upgrading in the United States in the 1980s and early 1990s was due to within industry shifts in skill-intensity. Traditional trade theory, represented by the HeckscherOhlin model, predicts that trade affects relative employment primarily by shifting resources across industries. For this reason, many economists have concluded that international trade has played a minor rol...

Recent theoretical models show that international trade can induce within-industry skillupgrading by raising R&D intensity and creating skill-biased technologies. This paper tests this assertion by estimating the effect of rising import shares on wage shares for 4-digit SIC US manufacturing industries. Using Arellano-Bond estimation to account for the endogeneity of imports, I find that neither...

One of the primary benefits of international trade in a low-income context is the presumed ability, through trade, to access higher levels of technology through imports. Despite this, very little research has been done on international trade in a low-income (as opposed to middle-income) context, and even less concretely exploring the role of imports, largely because of the paucity of data avail...

We examine the role of international trade in the reallocation of U.S. manufacturing within and across industries from 1977 to 1997. Motivated by the factor proportions framework, we introduce a new measure of industry exposure to international trade that focuses on where imports originate rather than on their overall level. Across industries, we find that plant survival and growth are negative...

This study uses tailor made enterprise level data from various sources for firms from manufacturing industries to test for the link between credit constraints, measured by a credit rating score provided by a leading credit rating agency, and imports in Germany for the first time. We find empirical evidence that a better credit rating score is positively related to extensive margins of import – ...

generally, developing countries are not able to invest enough on r&d; therefore, they try to get benefit from knowledge spillover, as an external r&d.; this paper tries to investigate the impact of r&d; expenditures and imported intermediate goods, as a proxy for technology imports, on value added of iranian industries. to that end, we use a panel data set of iranian two-digit isic manufacturin...

Using detailed micro data from the Indonesian manufacturing sector; we examine whether participation in international trade affects establishments' productivity. Establishments participating in exports or imports have relatively high levels of productivity. Furthermore, the results suggest that establishments engaged in exports have shown comparable high productivity growth. The larger the shar...

We juxtapose the effects of trade and technology on employment in US local labour markets between 1980 and 2007. Labour markets whose initial industry composition exposes them to rising Chinese import competition experience significant falls in employment, particularly in manufacturing and among non-college workers. Labour markets susceptible to computerisation due to specialisation in routine ...

We consider policy issues regarding parallel imports (PIs) of brand-name pharmaceuticals in the European Union, where such trade is permitted. We develop a simple model in which an original manufacturer competes in its home market with PI firms. The model suggests that for small trade costs the original manufacturer will accommodate the import decisions of parallel traders and that the price in...

By combining economic and financial data for Portuguese manufacturing firms with data on their exports and imports, we uncover some aspects of the relationship between international trade engagement and firms’ performance. In line with recent theoretical and empirical developments in the international trade literature: (i) we testify that Portuguese international trade is highly concentrated, e...