We evaluated the performance of four currently available manikins: Airway Management Trainer (Ambu, UK), Airway Trainer (Laerdal, Norway), Airsim (Trucorp, Ireland), 'Bill 1' (VBM, Germany), with eight supraglottic airway devices: Airway Management Device, Cobra Perilaryngeal Airway, Combitube, i-Gel, Laryngeal Tube, Laryngeal Tube Disposable, Laryngeal Tube Suction II and Streamlined Liner of ...

BACKGROUND Percutaneous tracheal access is required in more than 40% of major airway emergencies, and rates of failure are high among anaesthetists. Supraglottic airway management is more likely to fail in patients with obesity or neck pathology. Commercially available manikins may aid training. In this study, we modified a standard 'front of neck' manikin and evaluated anaesthetists' performan...

A thermal manikin is a useful tool to evaluate thermal environments such as clothing, houses and others. A manikin needs to have the following properties: shape and size, heat production, skin temperature, sweat rate, physiological responses and others. So far, no manikin satisfying all these criteria has been available. In the present study, a two-layer movable sweating thermal manikin was new...

The primary objective of the ASPECT (Automotive Seat and Package Evaluation and Comparison Tools) program was to develop a new generation of the SAE J826 Hpoint manikin. The new ASPECT manikin builds on the long-term success of the H-point manikin while adding new measurement capability and improved ease of use. The ASPECT manikin features an articulated torso linkage to measure lumbar support ...

This paper describes a method for measuring nonuniform thermal environments using a new thermal manikin with controlled skin surface temperature. The manikin its control logic are described, and an equivalent temperature based on the therntal manikin (teq) is proposed and discussed. A method to calculate the PMV index from manikin heat loss is also given. To calibrate these methods, fundamental...

The Aberdeen Varicose Vein Questionnaire (AVVQ) is validated and frequently used as a patient-reported disease-specific quality of life (QoL) outcome in trials of varicose veins. The AVVQ comprises a manikin diagram where patients draw their varicose veins and 12 questions including pain, skin changes, use of support stockings, appearance and impact. AVVQ scores range from 0 to 100 (worst possi...

Simulation of sweating is one of the challenges in manikin technology. This paper describes a new breed of thermal manikin made of mainly water and high strength breathable fabric. The novel manikin, named “Walter”, can simulate perspiration, dressing and walking. It can be used to test the comfort of textile and clothing for lifestyle fashion.

This paper reports an experimental study on a sleeping thermal manikin in a room equipped with a mixing ventilation system. In the experimental work, heat loss from the sleeping thermal manikin was measured under different conditions. The supply air temperature was in a range of 17°C to 27°C. Apart from the heat loss of the sleeping thermal manikin, the velocity distributions and temperature di...

Chest compression depth (CCD) and rate (CCR) are important factors of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). To assist performing CPR by citizen, a number of CPR related applications are being developed on a smartphone application market. Most of apps provide procedure of CPR. In case of using accelerometer, it is possible to estimate CCD and CCR. In this study, we proposed an app which provides ...