the main purpose of the present research is to determine the relationship between the management earnings forecast errors and conservatism level and then surveying about the effects of forecast difficulty, and external financing on this relationship. regarding this, the financial information related to 147 stock firms, available during the period of study (2003-2015) were collected and analyzed...

Within-year patterns of analysts’ earnings forecasts have been attributed to analysts’ incentives to curry favor with managers by releasing optimistic forecasts at longer horizons, followed by a walkdown to levels at which actual earnings meet or beat the forecast at year end. We propose that forecasting difficulty interacts with such incentives and manifests in the observed walkdown. Although ...

The demand forecasting technique which is modeled by artificial intelligence approaches using artificial neural networks. The consumer product causers the difficulty in forecasting the future demand and the accuracy of the forecast In performance of the artificial neural network an advantage in a constantly changing business environment and demand forecasting an organization in order to make ri...

We examine the relation between analysts’ earnings forecasts and firms’ intangible assets, including technology-based intangibles, brand names, and recognized intangibles. We predict that high information complexity of intangible assets increases the difficulty for analysts to assimilate information and increases analysts’ forecast error of intangibles-intensive firms. We find a positive associ...

In the short life cycle era, many companies struggle to survive by increasing their product spectrum to gain more market share. For the pressure of such competitive environment coupled with the difficulty of forecast, the design of products tends to employ the concept of modularity and postponement strategy in supply chain management. In this study, a novel mathematical model with consideration...

the difficulty of determining intrinsic value of stock prices have led many people to use technical analysis in order to forecast stock prices in the future. to predict the stock price we need to determine the generating process of stock prices. in recent years many time - series methods have been used for forecasting purposes. one of these methods is the rescaled range analysis (ris). in the a...

To obtain a robust version of exponential and Holt-Winters smoothing the idea of M -estimation can be used. The difficulty is the formulation of an easy-to-use recursive formula for its computation. A first attempt was made by Cipra (Robust exponential smoothing, J. Forecast. 11 (1992), 57–69). The recursive formulation presented there, however, is unstable. In this paper, a new recursive compu...