Twelve adult Muzaffarnagari rams (mean weight 41.4 2.09) were used to study fasting heat production (FHP) using open circuit respiration calorimetry. After a maintenance level of feeding for 60, sheep were fasted for three days and later subjected to gaseous exchange studies for 72±96 h. Mean oxygen consumption, carbon dioxide and methane production (l/d) and urinary nitrogen excretion (g/d) va...

C ORN silage is being utilized in increased quantities in beef cattle growing and fattening rations. The research data of Hammes et al. (1964), with various ratios of corn to corn silage in fattening rations, have demonstrated that higher levels of corn silage can be justified because gains between high grain and high silage rations are similar, whereas, use of higher silage rations permits the...

I . Four wether sheep, each fitted with re-entrant duodenal cannulas and a rumen cannula, were used to determine the relative quantitative importance of digestion in the stomach compared with that in the intestines when diets of low (HMI) and high starch (CMI) content were fed at 0.9 times maintenance and when the high-starch diet was fed at 1.7 (CMz) and 2.3 (CM3) times maintenance. Paper, imp...

The aim of the work was estimation of copper intake with the daily food rations used for alimentation of students of military high schools and soldiers doing compulsory military service in the Polish Army. An average planned copper content in daily food rations used for alimentation of students and soldiers amounted to 2.49±0.35 mg, and 2.44±0.25 mg respectively. The copper content in the daily...

An in vitro study was conducted to evaluate the optimum roughage to concentrate ratio in complete rations using unconventional sweet sorghum bagasse (SSB), a by product of ethanol industry as sole roughage source. Eight rations were prepared with roughage to concentrate ratio of 100:0 to 30:70. Significantly (P<0.01) higher in vitro gas production volume (ml) at 24 h incubation, in vitro organi...

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the vitamin and mineral content of bone and raw food rations fed to adult dogs in Germany. Pet owners completed a standardised feeding questionnaire. The composition of 95 rations was calculated from mean data for foodstuffs using nutrition balancing software. Typical ration ingredients were meats, fish, offal, dairy products, eggs, oil, nuts, cod li...

Infusion experiments were conducted with nine lactating dairy cows of the German Black and White breed in mid-stages of lactation, with a daily milk production averaging 20–25 kg fat-corrected milk (FCM). The cows were fitted with rumen and duodenal cannulae. The objective of the study was to investigate the cows’ requirements for leucine and methionine at zero N-balance as supply to the duoden...

In Australia, the main interest in urea. feeding to ruminants is the possibility of using this substance as a protein supplement for roughages so high in fibre and low in protein that they constitute sub-maintenance rations for animals grazing them. Several workers have shown that the loss of weight of ruminants fed such roughages can be prevented, or reduced, by adding a supplement of urea and...

Food technology has been instrumental in ensuring that troops remain “fit to fight”. Early food technologies produced flat bread, hard biscuits, cheese and salted meat, allowing Roman legionaries to carry rations for several days. Canning was invented in the late 18th century in response to the French Government’s offer of a substantial reward to the person whose invention would allow troops to...