the paper studies of the effect the related and unrelated diversification for products and ownership structure on capital structure for a sample of 87 firms out of 19 industry listed on the tehran stock exchange during the period 2004- 2009. for to regress of models to apply of multivariate approach include panel data and cross-sectional regressions. this study adopts panel fixed effects regres...

We analyze whether the diversification discount is driven by the book value bias of corporate debt. Book values of debt may be a more downward biased proxy of the market value of debt for diversified firms, relative to undiversified firms, as diversification leads to lower firm risk. Thus, measures of firm value based on book values of debt undervalue diversified firms relative to focused firms...

In the Iranian economy, part of the governmentchr('39')s fiscal policies and liabilities is always financed by banks. As government debt to banks increases, the private sectorchr('39')s access to loans and facilities is limited. It can cause undesirable macroeconomic outcomes. This study investigates the macroeconomic effects of government debt on banks in Iran over 1972–2016 by using an SVAR m...

In this paper we examine an optimal investment policy of the firm that is financed by issuing equity and debt. Recently, a number of researchers have studied the interaction among firm’s investment and financing decisions under uncertainty by means of real option framework. In the literature, investment problems for a firm with growth options, that is financed with equity and debt are investiga...

This EIF Working Paper takes a holistic approach to investigate SME financing patterns in Europe by performing a cluster analysis including 12,726 SMEs in 28 European countries. The results reveal that SME financing in Europe is not homogenous but that different financing patterns exist. The cluster analysis identifies six distinct SME financing types: mixed-financed SMEs, statesubsidised SMEs,...

We examine the role of security design when lenders make inefficient accept or reject decisions after screening projects. Lenders may be either “too conservative,” in which case they reject positive-NPV projects, or “too aggressive,” in which case they accept negative-NPV projects. In the first case, the uniquely optimal security is debt. In the second case, it is levered equity. In equilibrium...

I examine the role of debt-financed special payments to shareholders in defending incumbent managements during proxy contests. This role is based on shareholder preference for dividends and the consequent linkage between dividends and managerial security. The model is used to explain why the seemingly contradictory phenomena of (i) wealth losses to shareholders and (ii) lack of any substantial ...

Within institutional economics perspective of project finance, this paper empirically examines the potential influence of factors on debt capacity in project companies when financed through bankdominated financial systems with weak legal, regulatory and political institutions. The econometric results confirm that in order to capture the potential debt capacity of project companies financed thro...