age related macular degeneration (amd) is the most common cause of visual impairment in the population above 64 years of age in developed countries. most cases of severe vision loss due to amd are caused by exudative changes in the macula. extensive research on amd has led to advances in its prophylaxis and treatment in recent years. photodynamic therapy (pdt) was developed in late 1990's ...

purpose: to investigate the effect of ccl2c-2512t polymorphism on age-related macular degeneration (amd). methods: this study enrolled 48 patients originating from northeast of iran who suffered from dry type amd. the association of c-2518t in the promoter region of ccl2 gene was investigated using polymerase chain reaction (pcr) and restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp). control grou...

background: half of the cases of vision loss in people under 60 years of age have been attributed to age-related macular degeneration (amd). this is a multifactorial disease with late onset. it has been demonstrated that many different genetic loci are implicated in the risk of developing amd in different populations. in the current study, we investigated the association of high-temperature ‎re...

background: age-related macular degeneration (amd) is the leading cause of visual impairment and blindness in elderly population in the developing countries. previous epidemiological studies revealed various potential modifiable risk factors for this disease. the purpose of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of amd among elderly living in babol, north of iran.  methods:  the study popula...

background: age-related macular degeneration (amd) is one of the leading causes of visual loss among people aged 65 yr and older. the pathophysiology of amd is poorly understood. the purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between serum lipid concentrations and age-related macular degeneration. methods: in this case-control study, total cholesterol (tch), low density lipoprotein ...

calcification and inflammation are among the important cases of exudative age-related macular degeneration (e-armd). the aim of the present study was to elucidate if there is any relationship between serum osteoprotegerin (opg), soluble receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa b ligand (rank-ligand) and e-armd. in a cross-sectional study, we compared 45 e-armd patients with 45 matched control...

purpose : to evaluate the toxic retinal effects of intravitreal bevacizumab used for the treatment of exudative age-related macular degeneration (amd) using ganzfeld electroretinography (g-erg) methods : in this prospective comparative interventional study, 23 patients with active choroidal neovascularization (cnv) associated with amd were enrolled. patients were received intravitreal injection...

The most common macular condition is called Age-related Macular Degeneration (AMD). It a neurodegenerative disease that leads to loss of central vision since the affected areas are main retina and choroid eye.