abstract previous studies on willingness to communicate (wtc) have shown the influence of many individual or situational factors on students’ tendency to engage in classroom communication, in which wtc has been viewed either at the trait-level or situational level. however, due to the complexity of the notion of willingness to communicate, the present study suggests that these two strands are ...

abstract this study examines the relationship between reading anxiety and difficulty of texts as well as the relationship between reading anxiety and students perceived difficulty of the texts. since difficulty is a relative concept, i limited its definition by sticking to the readability formula. we also took students perceived difficulty levels into account. therefore, in the present study, ...

 Aims and background: Recognizing the variable mediating role of openness to experience in the relationship between pain self-efficacy predictors variables, pain management strategies and resiliency with variables of pain perception criteria in chronic pain patients. Materials and methods: In this fundamental and descriptive-correlational study, 340 chronic pain patients were hospitalized in al...

This study has been conducted with the aim of examining the model predicting post-traumatic growth (PTG) base on openness to experience, self-concept and social support among the wounded in action (WIA) with PTSD.  Due to the limited size of the population living in Saveh all veterans with PTSD that their number was 300 persons units were selected as the census method.Participants compl...

the present study aimed at investigating the relationship between iranian efl teachers’ classroom management orientations and their teaching styles. additionally, the difference between male and female teachers’ teaching styles and classroom management orientations and their relationship with experience and age were explored. three hundred efl teachers filled in attitudes and beliefs on classro...

the purpose of this quantitative study was to investigate the relation between efl teachers’ self-efficacy beliefs and their success. moreover, the study was an analysis of the teacher age, gender and years of teaching experience, to examine the manner in which these factors relate to teacher self-efficacy as defined by bandura (1997) and teaching effectiveness as evaluated by their own student...

The aim of the present research was to examine the role of the big five personality factors (neuroticism, extroversion, openness to experience, agreeableness and conscientiousness) in the relationship between perceived organizational justice with counter productive behaviors in a sample of industries employees. Three hundred and six employees of these industries were included in this research. ...