estimation of gold reserves and resources has been of interest to mining engineers and geologists for ages. the existence of outlier values shows the economic part of the deposits subject to the fact that don’t depend on the human or technical errors. the presence of these high values causes a pseudo dramatically increment in variance estimation of economical blocks when applying conventional m...

Spatial estimations are increasingly used to estimate geocoded ambient particulate matter (PM) concentrations in epidemiologic studies because measures of daily PM concentrations are unavailable in most U.S. locations. This study was conducted to a) assess the feasibility of large-scale kriging estimations of daily residential-level ambient PM concentrations, b) perform and compare cross-valida...

In this paper, we implement and compare the accuracy of ordinary kriging, lognormal ordinary kriging, inverse distance weighting (IDW) and splines for interpolating seasonally stable soil properties (pH, electric conductivity and organic matter) that have been demonstrated to affect yield production. The choice of the exponent value for IDW and splines as well as the number of the closest neigh...

Probability maps are used to define areas with high and low certainty of exceeding a threshold value. The most popular methods for creating these maps are variants of indicator kriging. However, such methods are questionable when the data exhibit a trend or contain measurement errors, the latter of which is common in most data sets. This paper presents an alternative approach that maps the risk...

For many practical problems in environmental management, information about soil heavy metals, relative to threshold values that may be of practical importance is needed at unsampled sites. The Hangzhou-Jiaxing-Huzhou (HJH) Plain has always been one of the most important rice production areas in Zhejiang province, China, and the soil heavy metal concentration is directly related to the crop qual...

Estimation of gold reserves and resources has been of interest to mining engineers and geologists for ages. The existence of outlier values shows the economic part of the deposits subject to the fact that don’t depend on the human or technical errors. The presence of these high values causes a pseudo dramatically increment in variance estimation of economical blocks when applying conventional m...

We compared (lognormal) universal kriging with the area-based approach for estimation of forest inventory variables using LiDAR data as auxiliary information and showed that could be an accurate alternative when there is spatial autocorrelation. Forest inventories supported by geospatial technologies are essential to achieve a spatially informed assessment structure. technology supplies compreh...

In hydrogeology, most studies using interpolators seek to estimate water table elevations, contaminant concentrations and aquifer vulnerability. The primary goal of this research was evaluate which geospatial interpolator best suits six distinct hydrogeological parameters nine consistency tests. Water wells were selected on a portion the Serra Geral Fractured Aquifer System in Southern Brazil. ...