presented is a method of two-dimensional analysis of the active earth pressure due to simultaneous effect of both soil weight and surcharge of strip foundation. the study’s aim is to provide a rigorous solution to the problem in the framework of upper-bound theorem of limit analysis method in order to produce some design charts for calculating the lateral active earth pressure of backfill when ...

In this paper, the plastic limit load of cylindrical shells with opening subject to combined bending moment and axial force are found by finite element method using ANSYS suite of program. The effect of various parameters such as the geometrical ratios of shell and the shape, size, axial and angular position of the opening on the limit load of cylindrical shells under various loading conditions...

this paper deals with three-dimensional evaluation of the slopes on the basis of limit analysis. an upper-bound technique of limit analysis is used in this paper to determine either the bearing capacity of a shallow foundation near a slope or the safety factor of the slope. the theorems of limit analysis (upper and lower bound) provide a powerful tool for solving problems in which limit loads n...

in recent years, the trend in solving optimization problems has been directed toward using heuristic algorithms such as neural networks, genetic and ant colony algorithms. the main reason for this trend can be attributed to the fact that these algorithms can be efficiently adjusted to the specific search space to which they are applied and consequently they can be used for many optimization pro...

in this paper, evaluation of torsional stiffness in beam and slab bridge deck elements is presented. a beam and slab bridge decks structurally behave as a grillage. a grillage has an efficient transverse load distribution due to transverse asymmetric load. in the case of bridge deck without transverse beams in the span, transverse load distribution depends on the torsional stiffness of longitud...

The question of extending limit analysis to materials with a non-associated flow rule is an old but important one. Many frictional soils, such as sands and drained clays, do not display the large volume change upon shearing that is predicted by an associated flow rule, thus calling into question the collapse loads that are found from the classical limit theorems. This question is important in p...