Remote sensing-based approaches to lithological mapping are traditionally pixel-oriented, with classification performed on either a per-pixel or sub-pixel basis with complete disregard for contextual information about neighbouring pixels. However, intra-class variability due to heterogeneous surface cover (i.e., vegetation and soil) or regional variations in mineralogy and chemical composition ...

Regional scale geological maps are still not available for many remote parts of the Earth. All geological maps contain two fundamental pieces of information: a) lithological data: a list of the various rock types present, and b) structural data: geometrical information that describes the spatial relationships of the various rock units. For the purposes of regional scale geological mapping the s...

Evidences of highly localized methane fluxes are reported from the Arctic shelf, hot spots of methane emissions in thermokarst lakes, and are believed to evolve to features like Yamal crater on land. The origin of large methane outbursts is problematic. Here we show, that the biogenic methane (δ13C ≤ −71h) which formed before and during soil freezing is presently held in the permafrost. Field a...

Vegetation cover can affect the lithological mapping capability of spaceand airborne instruments because it obscures the spectral signatures of the underlying geological substrate. Despite being widely accepted as a hindrance, few studies have explicitly demonstrated the impact vegetation can have on remote lithological mapping. Accordingly, this study comprehensively elucidates the impact of v...

This study pursues the mapping of the distribution of topsoils and surface substrates of the Lake Manyara area of northern Tanzania. The nine soil and lithological target classes were selected through fieldwork and laboratory analysis of soil samples. High-resolution WorldView-2 data, TerraSAR-X intensity data, medium-resolution ASTER spectral bands and indices, as well as ENVISAT ASAR intensit...

Abstract A comparative analysis of areal and profile measurements magnetic susceptibility was carried out on the plots pf 100 m 2 in order to improve methods surface soil sounding for mapping purposes identification anomalies associated with anthropogenic pollution or disturbance layer. Two sites Haplic Chernozems one site Kastanozem (Endosalic, Cambic) were studied. Additionally, a catena Yerg...

Mountain forests, treeline ecotones included, provide numerous ecosystem services. However, different drivers heavily impact the treeline areas, in particular anthropogenic pressure and climate change. Any change affecting the aboveground portion of terrestrial ecosystems automatically influences their belowground part, i.e. soil and soil organisms. Therefore, the focus of the present paper is ...

The archaeological database 4. GIS approaches to the archaeology of Hvar 5. GIS approaches to territorial boundary definition 6. Cairns and tumuli; agricultural clearance or ritual activity 6.1. Problems in the definition of stone cairns and tumuli 6.2.The analysis of stone cairns on the island of Hvar 7. Roman villas in the landscape 8. The Greeks on Hvar: optimal paths and visibility analysis...