Definition 1.1. Let K be a field. (V,+, ·) is a vector space over K, if (V,+) is an Abelian group, and · : K × V → V (called scalar multiplication) is distributive, associative and multiplication by 1 is the identity on V . This compact definition unwinds to give us the following ten(!) axioms: (1) + : V × V → V (2) u+ (v + w) = (u+ v) + w. (3) u+ v = v + u. (4) ∃0 ∈ V such that v + 0 = 0 + v =...