stochastic approach to vehicle routing problem: development and theories abstract in this article, a chance constrained (ccp) formulation of the vehicle routing problem (vrp) is proposed. the reality is that once we convert some special form of probabilistic constraint into their equivalent deterministic form then a nonlinear constraint generates. knowing that reliable computer software for lar...

in this article we implement an operational matrix of fractional integration for legendre polynomials. we proposed an algorithm to obtain an approximation solution for fractional differential equations, described in riemann-liouville sense, based on shifted legendre polynomials. this method was applied to solve linear multi-order fractional differential equation with initial conditions, and the...

we will apply the successive approximation method forproving the hyers--ulam stability of a linear integral equation ofthe second kind.

As a counterpart to best approximation, a new kind of approximation, called best coapproximation was introduced in normed linear spaces by C. Franchetti and M. Furi. In this paper, we use this coapproximation to prove some results on the existence and uniqueness of best coapproximation in quotient spaces when the underlying spaces are metric linear spaces. We shall also see how coproximinality ...

this study proposes a new linear approximation for solving the dynamic response equations of a rocking rigid block. linearization assumptions which have already been used by hounser and other researchers cannot be valid for all rocking blocks with various slenderness ratios and dimensions; hence, developing new methods which can result in better approximation of governing equations while keepin...

this study proposes a new linear approximation for solving the dynamic response equations of a rocking rigid block. linearization assumptions which have already been used by hounser and other researchers cannot be valid for all rocking blocks with various slenderness ratios and dimensions; hence, developing new methods which can result in better approximation of governing equations while keepin...

in this paper, we propose the chebyshev wavelet approximation for the numerical solution of a class of integro-differential equation which describes the charged particle motion for certain configurations of oscillating magnetic fields. we show that the chebyshev approximation transform an integral equation to an explicit system of linear algebraic equations. illustrative examples are included t...

چکیده در این مطالعه، تقاضای گروه های اصلی خوراکی در مناطق شهری ایران برای دوره زمانی1361 تا 1386 بررسی شده است. بدین منظور از سیستم تقاضای تقریباً ایده آل خطی (la/aids)، شاخص تقریب خطی لاسپیرس و روش رگرسیون های به ظاهر نامرتبط (sur) استفاده شد. نتایج به دست آمده نشان داد که متغیر متوسط جمعیت خانوار در بیشتر معادلات تأثیر معناداری بر تقاضای خانوار داشته است. قیود همگنی و تقارن نیز مورد آزمون قرار...