this paper proposes an optimal transmission expansion planning (tep) which is based on determining share of each line in merchandizing surplus (ms) of system, determining by independent system operator (iso). the more share of a line in ms of system denotes the priority of a line for expansion. the procedure of determining ms of each line in a power system is based on determining the ms share o...

in trading electrical energy in deregulated power systems, violation of operation constraints such as transmission lines flow limits is possible. these conditions have been called “congestion”. one of the most important responsibility of independent system operator (iso) is congestion management in a manner that all the system equipments be operated in their nominal ranges. in this paper, usi...

under the smart grid environments, demand response resources (drrs) as power system resources can effectively participate in and improve performance of electric systems. congestion management is one of the technical challenges in which drrs can play a significant role. previously, congestion management is applied without considering the power system uncertainties. therefore, a stochastic conges...

Under the smart grid environments, Demand Response Resources (DRRs) as power system resources can effectively participate in and improve performance of electric systems. Congestion management is one of the technical challenges in which DRRs can play a significant role. Previously, congestion management is applied without considering the power system uncertainties. Therefore, a stochastic conges...

Congestion management is one of the major tasks performed by system operators (SOs) to ensure the operation of transmission system within operating limits. To permit smooth and quality flow of power the problem of congestion has to be solved. The congestion in the transmission line will be removed by generation rescheduling with the cost involved in the rescheduling process should be minimized....

With the ongoing expansion and growth of electric power industry, the use of power flow controllers is becoming more prevalent in modern power systems. The needs for system enhancement trigger the advancement of FACTS technology which offers superior features in increasing system stability and performance. Devices like TCSC can reduce line reactance significantly and thus enhance the maximum po...

In this paper an attempt has been made to study the application of Thyristor Controlled Series Capacitor (TCSC) to mitigate small signal stability problem in addition to congestion management of a heavily loaded line in a multimachine power system. The Flexible AC Transmission System (FACTS) devices such as TCSC can be used to control the power flows in the network and can help in improvement o...

This document describes for the historical record the motivation behind the Datagram Congestion Control Protocol (DCCP), an unreliable transport protocol incorporating end-to-end congestion control. DCCP implements a congestion-controlled, unreliable flow of datagrams for use by applications such as streaming media or on-line games. Floyd, et al. Informational [Page 1] RFC 4336 Problem Statemen...