Ligneous conjunctivitis is a rare form of chronic pseudomembranous conjunctivitis that is associated with systemic membranous pathological changes. A probable link between plasminogen and ligneous conjunctivitis has been indicated by the recent diagnoses of plasminogen deficiency in five patients suffering from ligneous conjunctivitis. The current study reports that plasminogen-deficient mice d...

BACKGROUND Ligneous conjunctivitis is a rare condition characterized by chronic, recurrent conjunctivitis associated with pseudomembrane, and it may involve other mucous membranes in the mouth, nasopharynx, trachea, and vagina. We examined and treated a case of presumed ligneous conjunctivitis. CASE The patient was a 10-year-old boy. His chief complaints were visual impairment, discomfort, an...

Ligneous conjunctivitis is a rare severe conjunctivitis characterised by fibrin-rich, 'woody', pseudomembranes on the tarsal conjunctiva complicated by congenital hypoplasminogenaemia. A previous report suggested that ligneous conjunctivitis may result from tranexamic acid (TA)-induced 'secondary' hypoplasminogenaemia. However, the serum plasminogen level has not been confirmed in that scenario...

Ligneous conjunctivitis is a rare and unusual form of chronic homozygous G r A point mutation was identified in plasminogen exon 7 at position 780 leading to an amino acid pseudomembranous conjunctivitis that usually starts in early infancy. The disease may be associated with pseudoexchange (Arg216 r His). Her healthy sister and her healthy parents were heterozygous for this mutation. The secon...

Homozygous type I plasminogen deficiency has been identified as a cause of ligneous conjunctivitis. In this study, 5 additional patients with ligneous conjunctivitis are examined. Three unrelated patients (1 boy, 1 elderly woman, and 1 man) had plasminogen antigen levels of less than 0.4, less than 0.4, and 2.4 mg/dL, respectively, but had plasminogen functional residual activity of 17%, 18%, a...

Ligneous conjunctivitis represents a very rare form of chronic membranous conjunctivitis, with unknown etiology; less than 200 cases have been reported in the literature, most of them in infants and children. After 40 years, this condition appears in exceptional circumstances. We present, in this study, two patients (of 55 and 64 years old) with very severe forms of ligneous conjunctivitis, cer...

Ligneous conjunctivitis is a rare and unusual form of chronic pseudomembranous conjunctivitis that usually starts in early infancy. The disease may be associated with pseudomembranous lesions of other mucous membranes in the mouth, nasopharynx, trachea, and female genital tract. We examined two unrelated Turkish girls both suffering from ligneous conjunctivitis and occlusive hydrocephalus. Both...

A 6-month-old female infant presented to our clinic with bilateral eyelid swelling, yellowish-white membranes under both lids, and mucoid ocular discharge. Her aunt had similar ocular problems that were undiagnosed. The conjunctival membranes were excised and histopathological investigation of these membranes showed ligneous conjunctivitis. Further, laboratory examination revealed plasminogen d...

patients. Blood 2006; 108: 3021–6. 12 Heinz C, Kremmer S, Externbrink P, Steuhl KP. Ligneous conjunctivitis in a patient with plasminogen type I deficiency-case report with review of literature. Klin Monbl Augenheilkd 2002; 219: 156–8. 13 Yohe SL, Reyes M, Johnson DA, Fry CL, Scribbick FW, Kinney MC. Plasminogen deficiency as a rare cause of conjunctivitis and lymphadenopathy. Am J Surg Pathol ...