Comparison of the theory of Rabi oscillations with experiment [M. Wilczewski and M. Czachor, Phys. Rev. A 79, 033836 (2009)] suggests that cavity lifetime parameters obtained in measurements with many photons may be much smaller than those applicable to almost vacuum states of light. In this context, we show that the conclusion remains unchanged even if one takes a more realistic description of...

in the last decade, decrease of the wear rate, increase in the axel load, and the velocity of the trains have changed the main damage mechanism of railway wheels from wear to rolling contact fatigue (rcf). rcf may lead to surface and subsurface cracks. the interaction between wear and rcf, removes the surface cracks, but the subsurface crack propagate gradually, and may lead to deeper and more ...

Over the last few years a theoretical treatment for the weak decays of heavy-flavour hadrons has been developed that is genuinely based on QCD. Its methodology is described as it applies to total lifetimes, and the underlying theoretical issues are discussed. Theoretical expectations are compared with present data. One discrepancy emerges: the beauty baryon lifetime appears to be significantly ...

Editorial – Cohabitation, marriage and separation: contrasts in Europe • Premarital cohabitation: more common in the north than in the south p. 2 • Cohabitation leads less often to marriage p. 2 • Fewer men and women are marryingp. 2 • Unions are more short-lived p. 3 • Several unions in a lifetime: a general trend? p. 4 • Box: Study population p. 4 C O N TE N TS are not marrying at all. Unions...

In today's fiercely competitive products market, product warranty has started playing an important role. The warranty period offered by the manufacturer/dealer has been progressively increasing since the beginning of the 20th Century. Currently, a large number of products are being sold with long-term warranty policies in the form of extended warranty, warranty for used products, service contra...

The SPIN extension presented in this article is meant as a way to facilitate the modeling and verification of object-oriented programs. It provides means for the formal representation of some run-time mechanisms intensively used in OO software, such as dynamic object creation and deletion, virtual function calls, etc. This article presents a number of language extensions along with their implem...

Three-parameter lognormal distribution has been demonstrated for applications in electromigration data analysis, especially for Cu interconnect structures with insufficient redundancy. Examples are given on estimating parameter values from experimental data using the maximum likelihood method. Detailed analyses are presented on confidence bound estimations of the parameters and their propagatio...

A citations analysis Purpose of this paper This paper addresses the question: should the world s top universities be led by top researchers, and are they? Design / methodology / approach The lifetime citations are counted by hand of the leaders of the world s top 100 universities identified in a global university ranking. These numbers are then normalised by adjusting for the different citation...