In a prospective analytical cohort study or a study involving a longer follow up, changing age of participants influence the relationship between exposure and outcome. Usually age at entry is incorporated in the regression model to adjust for age. However, this fails to fully explain and adjust for changing age. For this Lexis expansion, a concept by Wilhelm Lexis, allows the analyst to expand ...

Cox proportional hazards model is a widely used method to analyse time-to-event data for survival analysis. In the medical field, age is the most common confounder of any association between risk factor and disease since most risk factors and the risk of disease change with age. Usually, age recorded at the start of the study (age-at-baseline) will be adjusted for in the model to account for th...

The world of lexis is vast and complex and it is generally accepted in psycholinguistics that it is represented as part of a large complex network. However, in systemic functional linguistics (SFL) modelling lexis has remained a relatively underdeveloped area of the theory. The ideas underpinning this paper stem from exploring the interface of context and lexicology, asking how SFL does and cou...

In this paper we measure the degrees of association among aggregate pronunciational, lexical and syntactic differences in 70 Dutch dialect varieties. First, we show that pronunciation is marginally more strongly associated with syntax than it is with lexis and that syntax and lexis are only weakly associated. Then, we check for the influence of geography as an underlying factor because geograph...

Although lexis research (e.g., Lewis, 1997; Taguchi, 2008) has already evidenced the possibility of teaching formulaic sequences (FS), further research is still needed to examine the procedures or frameworks through which the approach can be applied and probe the second or foreign language (L2) areas where it demonstrates more relevance. This pretest-posttest quasi-experimental study aimed, fir...

Over recent years, computers have been making their way into the classroom and lecture theatre. Overhead projectors, blackboards, and whiteboards have been joined or even displaced by smartboards and computer based multimedia presentations. Students with laptops are a common sight, and courses have their lecture notes on the web. Students are taking courses in programming, web-site design, comp...

Age-period-cohort models for Lexis diagrams are considered. The identification problem is addressed by reparametrizing the models in terms of freely varying parameters. The reparametrisation covers all three Lexis diagrams. A new plot of the unidentified time effects is suggested and interpreted. Deviance analysis covering a wide range of sub-models is presented. The methods are applied to Belg...