this study had two main steps. the first one was introducing and examining the long’s model of needs analysis (na) for distinguishing the general language needs. by doing the first step, we tried to recognize the shortages of long’s model, in the second step to realize the general language needs of persian language learners and find out what language functions are needed to be learned for gener...

The e-commerce is a good research area because it is well fit ted the application of agents that interact each other with autonomy in dynamic environment. The ability of learning is one important point as intelligent agent supporting autonomy. In this research we develop learning algorithm suited e-commerce characteristic. We classify agents by learning level and delegate agent business with th...

VoIP spam will become severe problem preventing from generalization of VoIP service. For the purpose of presenting multi-leveled anti-spit framework, we divided VoIP service domain into three independent domains as an outbound, an intermediary, and an inbound domain. The proposed framework enables administrator to establish anti-spit policies in each domain. In outbound domain, the framework fo...

critical path method (cpm) is one of the most popular techniques used by construction practitioners for construction project scheduling since the 1950s. despite its popularity, cpm has a major shortcoming, as it is schedule based on two impractical acceptance that the project deadline is not bounded and that resources are unlimited. the analytical competency and computing capability of cpm thus...

In this paper, we present several methods to improve the evaluation of homomorphic functions, both for fully and for leveled homomorphic encryption. We propose two packing methods, in order to decrease the expansion factor and optimize the evaluation of look-up tables and random functions in TRGSW-based homomorphic schemes. We also extend the automata logic, introduced in [19, 12], to the effic...

It has been an open problem for a number of years to construct an identity-based fully homomorphic encryption (IBFHE) scheme (first mentioned by Naccache at CHES/CRYPTO 2010). At CRYPTO 2013, Gentry, Sahai and Waters largely settled the problem by presenting leveled IBFHE constructions based on the Learning With Errors problem. However their constructions are not bootstrappable, and as a result...

We propose three indoor localization algorithms, namely the leveled nearest-neighbor, leveled multilateration and leveled Bayesian inference, to locate stationary objects (books, merchandise) by affixing passive RFID tags to them. The algorithms use a number of passive tags deployed on the known coordinates as reference points. The simulation results show that the proposed leveled detectable co...

In 2013, Jiménez-Losada et al. introduced several extensions of the Myerson value for games with fuzzy communication structure. In a fuzzy communication structure the membership of the players and the relations among them are leveled. Now we study a Banzhaf value for these situations. The Myerson model is followed to define the fuzzy graph Banzhaf value taking as base point the Choquet integral...

In automated negotiation systems consisting of self-interested agents, contracts have traditionally been binding. Leveled commitment contracts i.e. contracts where each party can decommit by paying a predetermined penalty were recently shown to improve Pareto efficiency even if agents rationally decommit in Nash equilibrium using inflated thresholds on how good their outside offers must be befo...