Occupant satisfaction with indoor environmental quality (IEQ) in office buildings has been positively correlated to self-estimated job performance and, potentially, to overall company productivity. LEED is a voluntary, consensus-based, market-driven program that provides third-party certification of green buildings, contributing to promote sustainability into the mainstream of building design a...

This study investigated the implementation of building information modeling (BIM) technology to facilitate the green building certification process under the leadership in energy and environmental design (LEED) rating system, specifically the LEED for New Construction 2009 system (LEEDNC 2009). The goal of this research is to propose an integration model of the LEED rating system and BIM techno...

With the growth of the population worldwide and the increased demand on resources, there has been a growing emphasis on sustainability and awareness of green and responsible use of resources. In response to the need for a sustainable built environment, the United States Green Building Council (USGBC) has established the Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) rating system, which i...

Purpose – Literature review indicates that Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design – Accredited Professionals (LEED APs) practicing during the first ten years of LEED in the building industry hold perceptions that have influenced the adoption of LEED. These perceptions may include that some LEED credit points are more difficult to obtain than others, LEED projects have higher first costs,...

Scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and low energy electron diffraction (LEED) have been used to investigate the oxygen reconstruction following oxidation of a Mo(1 1 2) single crystal. The STM and LEED results show a p(1 2)-O oxygen-induced missing row reconstruction at monolayer coverage. LEED and high resolution STM data also reveal a second oxygen-induced p(1 3)-O reconstruction at a higher...

A 2.5 monolayer (ML) thick graphene film grown by chemical vapor deposition of thermally dissociated C(2)H(4) on MgO(111), displays a significant band gap. The apparent six-fold low energy electron diffraction (LEED) pattern actually consists of two three-fold patterns with different 'A' and 'B' site diffraction intensities. Similar effects are observed for the LEED patterns of a 1 ML carbon fi...

In this work, we present results from the largest study of measured, whole-building energy performance for commercial LEED-certified buildings, using 2016 use data that were obtained 4417 office buildings (114 million m2) municipal benchmarking disclosures 10 major U.S. cities. The properties included 551 (31 identified as LEED-certified. Annual and greenhouse gas (GHG) emission compared betwee...

Adsorption of DzO on the MgO(100)/Mo(100) surface has been studied using temperature programmed desorption (TPD), reflection absorption infrared spectroscopy (RAIRS) and low energy electron diffraction (LEED). The epitaxially grown MgO(100) films show virtually identical water TPD spectra as the single crystal MgO(100) surface. The first, chemisorbed layer is adsorbed with the plane of the mole...

In the unconventional superconductor Sr2RuO4, substitution of a small amount of Mo for Ru destroys the superconducting state. We have used low energy electron diffraction (LEED) and scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) to study the cleaved (1 0 0) surface of the Mo-doped strontium ruthenate: Sr2Ru0:9Mo0:1O4. Excellent LEED patterns indicate a well-ordered surface similar to Sr2RuO4. The analysis...

The high temperature oxidation of the Pt(111) surface with molecular oxygen has been studied using scanning tunnelling microscopy and low energy electron diffraction (LEED). Results indicate a self-limited growth of well-ordered PtO2 nanoclusters which have an O-Pt-O trilayer structure. Each nanocluster has a triangular shape and nucleates at the Pt(111) surface step edge due to the mobility of...