Lateral resistance of railway track is one of the most important parameters in lateral stability. This parameter depends!on the conditions of different components of ballasted railway track (such as density of ballast layer, sleeper spacing, type of sleeper, etc.). From this perspective, type of sleeper has an important effect on lateral resistance. However in some conditions, in technical and ...

lateral resistance of railway track is one of the most important parameters in lateral stability. this parameterdepends!on the conditions of different components of ballasted railway track (such as density of ballast layer,sleeper spacing, type of sleeper, etc.). from this perspective, type of sleeper has an important effect on lateralresistance. however in some conditions, in technical and eco...

during the last few decades, steel shear walls have been adopted as efficient lateral resisting systems for high rise structures and numerous researches have been conducted on their static and dynamic behavior. steel shear walls have been utilized for retrofitting existing structures, as well as in design of new buildings in japan and usa. in this research, we have focused on the optimization o...

Analyzing piles subjected to lateral loads significantly depends on soil resistance at any point along the pile as a function of pile deflection, known as p-y curve. On the other hand, the deformation characteristics of soil defined as “the soil strain at 50% of maximum deviatoric stress (ε50)” has considerable effect on the generated p-y curve. In this research, several models are proposed to ...

The resistance of shallow foundations to lateral loads is often relied upon to transmit the base shear forces from the ground to a building during an earthquake. Considering the importance of this link in the lateral load path it receives little attention in current design practice in New Zealand. An assumption is commonly made, either explicitly or implicitly, that the combination of sliding f...