State education systems in Sahelian countries do not teach religious education, which is provided by the informal sector. This article is a rst attempt to quantitatively study how this dual educational system works and whether the potential competition between both systems is a key factor behind low primary school enrolment in Senegal. The analysis is based on a unique national dataset covering...

Koranic text is one of the most widely written Arabic texts and though it is written in Arabic language, it needs special handling because of the its unique orthographic conventions. Unicode has long supported special Koranic characters, but there still few more needed for proper encoding of Koranic text. The L2/09-419 proposal takes step towards full Koran coverage in Unicode, but we believe i...

Automatic speech segmentation is an essential tool for building large corpora for training continuous speech recognition systems. Manual segmentation of speech is both time consuming and an error-prone task. Several automatic segmentation systems have been proposed based on the acoustical features of the speech 5] 11]. In this paper, we present a novel technique for automatic seg-mentation of A...

STUDY OBJECTIVE To examine socioeconomic gradients in mortality in adult women and their husbands in Bangladesh, paying particular attention to the independent effects of the educational status of each spouse. DESIGN Historical cohort study. SETTING Matlab, a rural area 60 km south east of Dhaka, the capital of Bangladesh. PARTICIPANTS 14803 married women aged 45 or over and their husband...