Kindness is an important concept in reciprocity theory, and may matter also for other forms of motivation. We critically compare definitions proposed by Rabin (1993) and by Dufwenberg & Kirchsteiger (2004). Several reasons to prefer the latter definition are highlighted, but also a flaw (discovered by Isoni & Sugden 2018) which we show can be eliminated using a slightly revised definition.

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Loving-kindness meditation is a practice designed to enhance feelings of kindness and compassion for self and others. Loving-kindness meditation involves repetition of phrases of positive intention for self and others. We undertook an open pilot trial of loving-kindness meditation for veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Measures of PTSD, depression, self-compassion, and mindfuln...

Recent experimental evidence from dictator games suggests that proposers take money from receivers when taking is an option, and that many proposers are reluctant to play the game. This paper proposes a behavioral model with two components: a choice correspondence that depends on the endowed allocation and the menu of allocations available, and a preference ordering over endowment/menu pairs. T...