Background Prenatal drug exposure, as a common public health concern, is associated with an increased risk of adverse effects on early embryo development. Objective To investigate the in vitro development of - embryo from experimentally Kerack-addicted mice. Materials and Methods Twenty-five female mice were studied in five groups: control, vehicle, and three experimental groups of Kerack-d...

BACKGROUND Co-use of heroin kerack with methamphetamine (MA) is a new epidemic health concern among Iranian female drug users. Yet, little is known about this issue because of stigma. OBJECTIVES The current study aimed to investigate the reasons associated with initial and continued co-use of heroin kerack with MA among two groups of regular and recreational female co-users, their motivations...

Background: Kerack is emerging illicit substance which its use is rising up in Iran. It has harmful effects on body organs. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of Iranian Kerack on sperm parameters and testicular structure of mice. Materials and Methods: In this study, 25 male mice (Balb/C) were divided into five groups (control, sham and three experimental). Experimental groups...

conclusions reasons associated with initial and continued co-use of heroin kerack with ma, factors associated with treatment entry and the differences between regular and recreational co-users should be specifically considered in designing and tailoring drug use treatment programs for this group. materials and methods 82 clients were randomly recruited. a researcher-designed questionnaire was u...

OBJECTIVES Previous studies demonstrated a functional similarity between vertebrate and honey bee nervous systems. The aim of the present study was to compare the effects of heroin and Iranian street Kerack, a combination of heroin and caffeine, on sensory threshold and locomotor activity in honey bees. MATERIALS AND METHODS All drugs were given orally to honey bees 30 min before each experim...

iranian crack is a new form of narcotic substance that has found widespread prevalence iniran in the past years. crack only nominally resembles crack cocaine as it is widely different inits clinical signs. thus the present study aims to quantify the chemical combination of this drug.the samples included 18 specimen of crack collected from different zones of tehran, iran.all specimens were in th...

Objective(s):Previous studies demonstrated a functional similarity between vertebrate and honey bee nervous systems. The aim of the present study was to compare the effects of heroin and Iranian street Kerack, a combination of heroin and caffeine, on sensory threshold and locomotor activity in honey bees. Materials and Methods: All drugs were given orally to honey bees 30 min before each exper...