Bang-Bang clock and data recovery (BBCDR) circuits are hard nonlinear systems due to the nonlinearity introduced by the binary phase detector (BPD). The specification of the CDR frequency response is determined by jitter tolerance and jitter transfer. In this paper, jitter transfer and jitter tolerance of the second-order BBCDR are characterized by formulating the time domain waveforms. As a re...

Reference clock jitter sets the ultimate limit on the bit error ratio of a serial data system. The traditional techniques for quantifying jitter on clock signals don’t help system designers estimate the clock’s contribution to the total jitter defined at a bit error ratio. New techniques are being introduced to model how transmitters and receivers use reference clocks so that the system RJ and ...

Clock (CLK) generators and synthesizers form the pulse of a complex digital system and errors in a clock's signal quality can have wide-ranging effect. One of the most important performance measurements is clock jitter. Jitter is defined as "the short-term variation of a signal with respect to its ideal position in time." In a clock generator chip, there are many factors which contribute to out...

Background & Aims: Previous studies have indicated significant differences in vocal parameters between children with Down syndrome and normal children, but there are challenges about these differences. In this study vocal parameters and Maximum Phonation Time (MPT) in adults with Down syndrome have been investigated. Method: This cross-sectional and analytic study was performed on 22 adults wit...

1. The new definitions of jitter In the last few years, more and more serial link standards adopted the concept of separating jitter into deterministic jitter (DJ), periodic jitter (PJ) and random jitter (RJ). The old concept of histogram based peak-to-peak jitter has been replaced by the concept of total jitter (TJ), which is associated with a certain bit-error-rate for the serial link (typica...

For the problem that general characteristic impedance measurement instrument is difficult to measure the size of clock jitter, this paper proposes a measurement algorithm to achieve clock jitter based on sequential equivalent sampling. First, according to the relationship between the equivalent sampling signal and the average signal, we count up the probability density distribution of the clock...

Jitter is a key performance factor in high-speed digital transmission systems, such as synchronous optical networks/synchronous digital hierarchy (SONET/SDH), optical transport networks (OTN), and 10 Gigabit Ethernet (GigE). This paper outlines the differences between telecom and datacom jitter standards and describes the various jitter applications for compliance testing of 10G small form-fact...