Zhari Namco, a large lake in the Tibetan Plateau (TP), is sensitive to climate and environmental change. However, it difficult retrieve accurate continuous levels for Namco. A robust strategy, including atmospheric delay correction, waveform retracking, outlier deletion, inter-satellite adjustment, proposed generate long-term series of Namco through multi-altimeter data. Apparent biases are fou...

The capability of satellite radar altimeters to monitor the height changes of major lakes is well established. However, river systems present far more challenging targets. By retracking altimeter echoes using an expert system approach, river heights can be successfully monitored; this capability is bounded by the along-track sampling rate. However, a glimpse into the potential of future altimet...

Understanding nodal tidal characteristics is essential for accurate long-term prediction. Observational evolution of tides mainly based on tide gauge records in coastal areas which are limited time and space, thus impeding coherent determinations basin-wide patterns variability. In this paper, we indicate the potential satellite altimeter data to investigate 18.61-year modulations main constitu...

The autonomous profiling float has been a revolutionary development in oceanography, enabling global broad-scale ocean observations of temperature, salinity, velocity, and additional variables. The Argo float array applies this new technology to provide unprecedented measurements of the global upper ocean in near real time, with no period of exclusive use. It builds on its predecessors, the upp...