Isozymes are enzymes catalyzing the same biochemical reaction, but differ in amino acid sequences. They usually display different kinetic parameters, or express different regulatory properties. In addition some isozymes show tissue-specific expressions. These differences are considered that isozymes have properties related to the tissue-specific environments. Aldolase, one example of isozymes, ...

The levels of individual lipoxygenase isozymes in soybean [Clycine max (1.) Merr.] leaves were assessed during leaf development, after mechanical wounding, and in response to reproductive sink removal. Native isoelectric focusing followed by immunoblotting was employed to examine individual lipoxygenase isozymes. In leaves of all ages, two distinct classes of lipoxygenase isozymes were detected...

A wide variety of plants have been assayed to determine if they contain three isozymes of chorismate mutase (EC 5.4.99.5) as does alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) or two isozymes, as does mung bean (Phaseolus aureus). The isozymes were separated by disc electrophoresis. All anthophyta with the exception of some closely related Leguminosae contained three isozymes of chorismate mutase. The one conif...

Basidiomycetous fungi, Ganoderma lucidum MDU-7 and Ganoderma sp. kk-02 secreted multiple laccase isozymes under diverse growth condition. Aromatic compounds and metal salts were also found to regulate the differential expression of laccase isozymes from both the Ganoderma sp. Laccase isozymes induced in the presence of copper from G. lucidum MDU-7 were purified by gel-based (native-PAGE) purifi...

Three isozymes of catechol 1,2-dioxygenase (pyrocatechase) from Pseudomonas at-villa C-l were separated using DEAE-Toyopearl chromatography. The specific activities of each isozyme were similar to one another. The molecular weights of isozymes 1, 2, and 3 were estimated to be approximately 67,000,64,000, and 59,000, respectively, from gel filtration. On sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel...

From normal rat liver mitochondrial and microsomal fractions, 4 distinct aldehyde dehydrogenase isozymes with millimolar substrate K,,, values have been purified and characterized. Two isozymes were isolated from mitochondria and 2 from microsomes. A mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase with a substrate K,,, in the micromolar range was also identified. Subunit molecular weights for all millimol...

The age-associated alteration in expression levels of carboxylesterases (CESs) can affect both intestinal and hepatic first-pass metabolism after oral administration xenobiotic esters such as prodrugs. In this study, the age-related CES isozymes hydrolase activities were simultaneously investigated liver, jejunum, ileum from 8-, 46-, 90-week-old rats. Rat liver expresses three major CES1 isozym...

CaMK-II (the (type II) multifunctional Ca2+/CaM-dependent protein kinase) has been implicated in diverse neuronal and non-neuronal functions, including cell growth control. CaMKII expression was evaluated in a variety of human tumor cell lines using RT-PCR (reverse transcriptase coupled polymerase chain reaction). PCR primers which flanked the CaMK-II variable domain were used so that all possi...

This report describes for the first time the identification of four forms of biliverdin reductase including two biliverdin-MP reductases and two biliverdin-Ma reductases, designated isozymes I and I1 and isozymes I11 and IV, respectively, in human liver cytosolic fractions. The four forms of biliverdin reductase were purified to homogeneity. There was a 7,80&15,000-fold increase in specific act...