Three experimental vaccines against feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV), all based on viral antigens presented via immune stimulating complexes (iscoms), were tested for their capacity to induce protection in cats from FIV infection. The respective vaccines consisted of FIV propagated in Crandell feline kidney (CrFK) cells (FIV-iscoms); FIV-iscoms spiked with recombinant vaccinia virus expresse...

The development of subunit vaccines requires the use of adjuvants that act by stimulating components of the innate immune response. Immune-stimulating complexes (ISCOMS) containing the saponin adjuvant Quil A are potential vaccine vectors that induce a wide range of Ag-specific responses in vivo encompassing both humoral and CD4 and CD8 cell-mediated immune responses. ISCOMS are active by both ...

Two gonadotrophin releasing hormone (GnRH) constructs prepared by either chemical conjugation to keyhole limpet hemocyanin (GnRH-KLH) or as an expressed recombinant fusion protein (Multimer) were evaluated with or without adjuvants (immunostimulating complexes, ISCOMs, or cytosine-phosphate-guanosine oligodeoxynucleotides, CpG ODNs). After subcutaneous administration to Balb/c male mice at Week...

We incorporated the major outer membrane protein (PI) of Neisseria gonorrhoeae into immunostimulating complexes (iscoms) and examined some analytical, physicochemical, and immunological properties of these structures. The immunogenicity was compared with that of three other PI-containing structures, i.e., liposomes, outer membrane complexes produced by the bacterium, and protein-detergent-adjuv...

Immunostimulating complexes (ISCOMs) are unique multimolecular structures formed by encapsulating antigens, lipids and triterpene saponins and are one of the most successful antigen delivery systems for microbial antigens. In the current study, both the route of administration and the antigen concentration of ISCOMs, containing Eimeria tenella antigens and saponins from native plants, were eval...

Influenza immunostimulating complexes (flu-ISCOMs) and a monovalent subvirion vaccine prepared with an H1N1 strain of influenza virus were compared in mice for immunogenicity and protection against challenge with homologous and heterotypic influenza viruses. flu-ISCOMs but not subvirion vaccine fully protected mice against homologous virus challenge after one immunization as assessed by measure...

Immunostimulating complexes (ISCOMs) have been prepared from feline leukaemia virus (FeLV) envelope proteins. The ISCOMs were characterized biochemically in SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis showing the presence of proteins of estimated molecular weights of 15,000, 27,000 and 70,000. Immunoblotting showed that both the transmembrane protein p15E and the external glycoprotein gp70 (making u...

In the last decades, significant efforts have been dedicated to the search for novel vaccine adjuvants. In this regard, saponins and its formulations as "immunostimulating complexes" (ISCOMs) have shown to be capable of stimulating potent humoral and cellular immune responses, enhanced cytokine production and activation of cytotoxic T cells. The immunological activity of ISCOMs formulated with ...

Currently approved adjuvants induce protective Ab responses but are more limited for generating cellular immunity. In this study, we assessed the effect of combining two adjuvants with distinct mechanisms of action on their ability to prime T cells: the TLR3 ligand, polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid (poly I:C), and immunostimulatory complexes (ISCOMs). Each adjuvant was administered alone or toge...

Aluminum salts are currently the only widely used adjuvant for human vaccines. Over the past 10-15 years, a large research effort has attempted to find novel adjuvants with ability to induce a broad range of immune responses, including cell-mediated immunity. The immunostimulating complex or ISCOM is one adjuvant with multiple adjuvant properties. ISCOMs are open cage-like complexes typically w...