hydroalcoholic extract of pycnocycla spinosa has spasmolytic action in vitro . at oral dose of 250 m g/kg it inhibits castor oil induced diarrhea in mice. if p. spinosa extract has no serious adverse effect, it would be a good alternative medicine for treatment of diarrhoea and abdominal spasm. in this research, overall systemic effect of p. spinosa extract on mice behavior and reaction was inv...

Two-by-two tables commonly arise in comparative trials and cross-sectional studies. In medical studies, two-by-two tables may have a small sample size due to the rarity of a condition, or to limited resources. Current recommendations on the appropriate statistical test mostly specify the chi-squared test for tables where the minimum expected number is at least 5 (following Fisher and Cochran), ...

objectives: the aim of present study was to evaluate some effects of crinum zeylanicum (c. zeylanicum) on central nervous system. materials and methods: c. zeylanicum methanolic bulb extract (250-1000 mg/kg orally), 2 mg chlorpromazine and 4 mg diazepam /kg body weight intraperitoneally respectively were tested in mice using irwin test, pentobarbitone-induced sleep test, spontaneous motor activ...

The endemic Australian genus Actenomeros Winterton & Irwin, 1999b is reviewed. Three species are transferred from Nanexila Winterton & Irwin, 1999a: Actenomeros aureilineata (Winterton & Irwin, 1999a) comb. n., Actenomeros intermedia (Winterton & Irwin, 1999a) comb. n. and Actenomeros paradoxa (Winterton & Irwin, 1999a) comb. n. A new species (Actenomeros budawangsp. n.) is described and figure...

OBJECTIVES The aim of present study was to evaluate some effects of Crinum zeylanicum (C. zeylanicum) on central nervous system. MATERIALS AND METHODS C. zeylanicum methanolic bulb extract (250-1000 mg/kg orally), 2 mg chlorpromazine and 4 mg diazepam /kg body weight intraperitoneally respectively were tested in mice using Irwin test, pentobarbitone-induced sleep test, spontaneous motor activ...

Objectives: The aim of present study was to evaluate some effects of Crinum zeylanicum (C. zeylanicum) on central nervous system. Materials and Methods: C. zeylanicum methanolic bulb extract (250-1000 mg/kg orally), 2 mg chlorpromazine and 4 mg diazepam /kg body weight intraperitoneally respectively were tested in mice using Irwin test, pentobarbitone-induced sleep test, spontaneous motor acti...

Free Access Cumulative Subject Index Book Editor(s):Irwin Goldman, Irwin Goldman University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USASearch for more papers by this author First published: 18 November 2022 https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119874157.indsub AboutPDFPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShareShare a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWe...

INTRODUCTION General neurobehavioral assays, like a modified Irwin test or a functional observational battery, are necessary for central nervous system (CNS) safety pharmacology testing near the end of the target validation (early discovery) stage of preclinical drug development. However, at earlier stages, when a greater number of test compounds must be screened for potential CNS side effects,...