irony is considered as a rhetorical device that is used more frequently than trope and metaphor. consequently, in spite of all their disagreements in defining irony varieties over centuries, rhetoricians have made significant efforts and have left some conspicuous works about it. al-kashāf al-zamakhshari commentary is the most well-known source of rhetorical interpretation that is referred to i...

A variety of classification approaches for the detection of ironic or sarcastic messages has been proposed in the last decade to improve sentiment classification. However, despite the availability of psychologically and linguistically motivated theories regarding the di↵erence between irony and sarcasm, these typically do not carry over to a use in predictive models; one reason might be that th...

linguistically, deviation is one of the words’ resurrection aspects that breaks the surface structure of words, not their deep structure, and makes the audience to experience a literary pleasure. this study is a descriptive analysis of deviated ironies in ibn-e-farez and mowlavi’s divans. in addition to artistic and aesthetic aspects, as the study shows, ironies have been used in the works of t...

Irony, a creative use of language, has received scarce attention from the computational linguistics research point of view. We propose an automatic system capable of detecting irony with good accuracy in the social network Twitter. Twitter allows users to post short messages (140 characters) which usually do not follow the expected rules of the grammar, users tend to truncate words and use part...

irony in literature containing a combination of cash and spelling, sarcasm and humor used by the writer to express issues which call for criticism in the communities in a language full of laughter and wry humor. this art of literature is a magic mirror reflects the realities of women in society are fresh attract the hearts of the target audience, and will make him to laugh first and urging them...