p a twin pregnancy with a complete hydatidiform mole with a coexistent foetus (chmf) is a rare condition that typically results in poor pregnancy outcomes. for patients with refractory vaginal bleeding, termination of pregnancy is more appropriate. however, unified methods for termination remain to be explored. in the present study, we reviewed the termination measures in four cases of twin pre...

early recognition of gestational trophoblastic neoplasm (gtn) will maximize the chances of cure with chemotherapy but some patients present with many different symptoms months or even years after the causative pregnancy making diagnosis difficult. clinicians should be aware of the possibility of gtn in any reproductive age woman with bizarre central nervous system, gastrointestinal, pulmonary s...

background: the pathogenesis of gestational trophoblastic disease (gtd) is not clearly known. objective: in this study, immunoexpression of proteins bcl-2 and beclin-1 in trophoblastic lesions and normal trophoblastic tissue was conducted to study the mechanism of apoptotic and autophagic cell death that is expected to complete the study of gtd pathogenesis. materials and methods: bcl-2 and bec...

an invasive mole is a rare form of gestational trophoblastic disease in which the molar tissue invades into the deep myometrium, cervical stroma, blood vessels or extrauterine sites. this report is of an invasive mole of spleen that has originated from an ectopic pregnancy, which was primarily though to be a choriocarcinoma.

BACKGROUND The pathogenesis of Gestational Trophoblastic Disease (GTD) is not clearly known. OBJECTIVE In this study, immunoexpression of proteins Bcl-2 and Beclin-1 in trophoblastic lesions and normal trophoblastic tissue was conducted to study the mechanism of apoptotic and autophagic cell death that is expected to complete the study of GTD pathogenesis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Bcl-2 and Be...

BACKGROUND Invasive mole is responsible for most cases of localized gestational trophoblastic neoplasia. Gestational trophoblastic disease describes a number of gynecologic tumors that originate in trophoblastic layer including hydatidiform mole (complete or partial), invasive mole, choriocarcinoma, placental site trophoblastic tumor and epitheloid trophoblastic tumor. Invasive mole may arise f...

Gestational trophoblastic disease describes a number of gynaecological tumours that originate in the trophoblast layer, including hydatidiform mole (complete or partial), placental site trophoblastic tumour, choriocarcinoma and gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN). Invasive moles are responsible for most cases of localized GTN. Two cases of GTN previously reported in the literature exhibit...

Invasive mole is a rare gestational trophoblastic neoplasia with proliferative trophoblast invading into myometrium or uterine vasculature. Primary management of invasive chemotherapy, but hysterectomy can be performed in selective cases. In this report, we discuss two cases mole, which required surgical intervention the form hysterectomy. Both patients had favorable outcome and are remission.