endotracheal tube (ett) cuff herniation is a rare, and often difficult to diagnose, cause of bronchial obstruction. we present a case of outside cuff herniation of an endotracheal tube that caused pulmonary right lung atelectasis. a 29-year-old man ,a case of car accident with multiple fractures, was admitted to the emergency ward and transferred to the operating room(or) for open reduction and...

H YPOXEMIA that may reasonably be defined by an arterial hemoglobin oxygen saturation of less than 90% occurs in 5–10% of patients during one-lung ventilation (OLV). The physiopathology of hypoxemia is complex, and the management of intraoperative hypoxemia during OLV remains a challenge for anesthesiologists. In life-threatening hypoxemia, correct oxygenation should be restored rapidly. This m...

Various factors may be responsible for intraoperative hypoxemia including either primary pulmonary or cardiac issues. Primary cardiac issues resulting in a right-to-left shunt are generally identified prior to arrival in the operating room. During an intraoperative decrease of oxygen saturation, potential respiratory causes need to be ruled out including a low inspired oxygen concentration, ven...

BACKGROUND Although a high fraction of inspired oxygen (FIO2) could reduce surgical site infection, there is concern it could increase postoperative pulmonary complications, including hypoxemia. Intraoperative positive end-expiratory pressure can improve postoperative pulmonary function. A practical measure of postoperative pulmonary function and the degree of hypoxemia is supplemental oxygen r...

PURPOSE To document and explain the beneficial effects of non-invasive ventilation in correcting hypoxemia and hypoventilation in severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, during spinal anesthesia in the lithotomy position. CLINICAL FEATURES A morbidly obese patient with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease underwent prostate surgery in the lithotomy position under spinal anesthes...

Administering anesthesia to patients undergoing liver transplantation often yields intraoperative hemodynamic instability. During this type of major surgery, many factors may contribute to hemodynamic collapse, including myocardial infarction, pulmonary embolus, bleeding, and preload reduction owing to inferior vena cava clamping. Pneumothorax, a potentially dangerous condition, can arise unexp...

Limited options to treat hypoxemia during one-lung venti• lation (OLV) compared to open thoracotomy. Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) interferes with surgical exposure during video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS). Priority on rapid and complete lung collapse. • Possibility of prolonged periods of OLV. Particularly dur• ing the learning phase of the surgical team. Decreased posto...