In order to investigate the relationship between insulin to glucagon ratio and metabolic factors in transitional period of dairy cows, 28 cows heifers with body condition score of 3.25- 3.75 were selected. Dairy cows received close up diet, from 21 days prepartum until parturition and lactation diet according to nutritional requirements after parturition. Blood was sampled at 10 days before and...

the effects of steroid hormones, glucagon and insulin on rat liver phosphatidate phosphohydrolase (pap) activity were studied both in vitro and in vivo. incubation of rat hepatocytes with each hormone showed that dehydroepiandrosterone (dhea), progesterone and testosterone increase pap activity by 44.6, 37 and 36.9%, respectively. estradiol, however, decreased enzyme activity by 13.6% under the...

introduction: type i diabetes mellitus is caused by autoimmune destruction of the insulin-producing β-cells. a new potential method for curing the disease is transplantation of differentiated insulin- secreting cells from human embryonic stem cells. methods: human embryonic stem cell lines (royan h1) were used to produce embryoid bodies. differentiation carried out by growth factor-mediated sel...

background and aims: artichoke (cynara scolymus l.) is a plant of the asteraceae family. this plant is used in herbal medicine. this study was conducted to evaluate the effect of artichokeextract on insulin, glucagon, glucose, alkaline phosphatase (alp), alanine amino transferase (alt) and aspartate amino transferase (ast) in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. methods: in this experimental s...

Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) promotes insulin secretion, inhibits glucagon and repairs pancreatic islet cell function to enhance proliferation regeneration. Furthermore, it includes a mechanism for weight loss angiocarpy protection. This study covers the comparison of GLP-1 agonists with DPP-4 inhibitors GLT-2 inhibitors, agonists, its research possibilities based on summary current clinical...

OHNEDA, A.,OHNEDA, K. and KoIzuMI, F. Insulin Releasing Action of N-Terminal Peptides of Glucagon in Dogs. Tohoku J. Exp. Med., 1992, 167 (4), 287-295 The relationship between the molecular structure and insulin releasing action of glucagon remains unknown. In order to investigate the direct action of N-terminal peptides of glucagon, glucagon (1-14), and glucagon (1-21) were studied using an in...

OBJECTIVE Given the interest in glucagon antagonism as a potential treatment of diabetes, we tested the hypothesis that glucagon, in concert with insulin, supports the postabsorptive plasma glucose concentration in humans. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Following preliminary studies that indicated that a peripheral intravenous insulin dose of 0.1 mU x kg(-1) x min(-1) (lower than those used prev...

PURPOSE Chick eyes compensate for the defocus imposed by positive or negative spectacle lenses. Glucagon may signal the sign of defocus. Do insulin (or IGF-1) and glucagon act oppositely in controlling eye growth, as they do in metabolic pathways and in control of retinal neurogenesis? METHODS Chicks, wearing lenses or diffusers or neither over both eyes, were injected with glucagon, a glucag...

Glucagon levels are often moderately elevated in diabetes. It is known that glucagon leads to a decrease in hepatic glutathione (GSH) synthesis that in turn is associated with decreased postprandial insulin sensitivity. Given that cAMP pathway controls GSH levels we tested whether insulin sensitivity decreases after intraportal (ipv) administration of a cAMP analog (DBcAMP), and investigated wh...