this paper presents a model of a catchment area in northwest of iran. the researchers have studied ajichai basin which is located in the east part of orumiyeh lake, located at the longitude of 47 52’ e to 45 32’ e and the latitude of 37 26’ n to 38 30’ n. the researchers have chosen the data from tabriz upper air station which is the only one in the area. the research data are seven instability...

The potential of instability indices in assessing atmospheric instability is examined for the areas of Attica, Thessaly and Central Aegean and Crete, Greece. Generally, many indices have been developed to estimate the troposphere’s stability for forecasting purposes. At this study several instability indices, commonly used in Meteorology, are computed based on radiosonde data. Firstly, the indi...

introduction prediction of thunderstorm is one of the most difficult issues in weather forecasting. deep convective clouds develop at small spatial and temporal dimensions about 1-10 km and 1-12 h. various thermodynamic parameters have been discovered over the past 40 years, according to data obtained by radiosounds. the capability of these indices in forecasting instability varies over time an...

A ground-based microwave radiometer gives the possibility of providing continuously available temperature and humidity profiles of the troposphere, from which instability indices of the atmosphere could be derived. This paper studies the possibility of correlating the radiometer-based instability indices with the occurrence of intense convective activity, namely, the occurrence of lightning. Th...

The concept of developmental instability (DI) is a well-known indicator of environmental and genetic stress and is often investigated using various indices such as fluctuating asymmetry, directional asymmetry, antisymmetry and phenotypic variance. Investigations dealing with DI are using morphometric traits. The aim of this investigation is to present the novel concept of behavioural instabilit...

Synoptic situations producing rainfall at four rawinsonde observatories at eastern Spain are classified as stratiform or convective depending on dynamic and thermodynamic instability indices. Two daily radiosonde and daily-accumulated precipitation data from four observatories in Eastern Spain are used: Madrid-Barajas (MB), Murcia (MU), Palma de Mallorca (PA) and Zaragoza (ZA). We calculated tw...

1. introduction increasing of extreme events such as flood, hailstorm, drought, thermal waves, dust storm and other dangerous climatological events, especially in local scale, could be the result of the climatic change over the globe. the characteristics and impacts of severe weather are function of place and time of occurrence. severe weathers are usually accompanied by strong winds and heavy ...

This paper presents a technique for real-time predictionof stability/instability of a power system based on synchrophasor measurements obtained from phasor measurement units (PMUs) at generator buses.For stability assessment the technique makes use of system severity indices developed usingbus voltage magnitudeobtained from PMUs and generator electrical power. Generator power is computed using ...