Jujube fruit fly, Carpomyia vesuviana, is the most important pest of jujube in Iran. During February and March 2013, a survey on fungi associated with pupae of C. vesuviana was conducted in Birjand, South Khorasan province of Iran. To isolate fungi, the samples were washed under running tap water, surface-sterilized in 0.5% sodium hypochlorite, then rinsed and placed ...

The control of insect pests with entomopathogens is unique, in that naturally occurring host-pathogen relations are manipulated to the benefit of man: protecting agricultural crops and forests or controlling insect vectors of disease. The isolation and identification of a virulent pathogen is the initial step in the development of a potential control agent. Production of the pathogen in adequat...

Insects that feed by ingesting plant and animal fluids cause devastating damage to humans, livestock, and agriculture worldwide, primarily by transmitting pathogens of plants and animals. The feeding processes required for successful pathogen transmission by sucking insects can be recorded by monitoring voltage changes across an insect-food source feeding circuit. The output from such monitorin...

Hypotheses for the causes of regular cycles in populations of forest Lepidoptera have invoked pathogen-insect or foliage-insect interactions. However, the available data suggest that forest caterpillar cycles are more likely to be the result of interactions with insect parasitoids, an old argument that seems to have been neglected in recent years.